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Zmiany w produkcji i handlu zagranicznym miodem w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej i świata

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  • Borowska, Agnieszka

Abstract

The aim of the article is to show the development of the volume and value of natural honey production, its import and export, and prices in Poland against the background of the situation in other countries in the European Union in the years 2000-2020 and as part of market changes globally. The study used the source of information from the FAOSTAT 2022 database. The production of honey in Poland, in other EU countries and around the world was characterized by an upward trend in the analyzed period. The biggest problem is China, which supplies the market with every fourth kilogram of honey product, while the EU accounts for about 13%. In the top thirty producers of natural honey, there are 11 European countries, including 9 from the EU - Poland is in fourth position. Self-sufficiency in terms of honey is 60%, which is why the turnover in foreign trade of honey is dynamically increasing in terms of quantity and value. Overall, the honey trade balance in the EU was negative. The structure of honey exports and imports from and to the EU has changed, which is the result of random factors, i.e. the Covid-19 pandemic, Russia's aggression in Ukraine, and various economic, demographic, social and environmental factors. / Synopsis. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie kształtowania się wolumenu i wartości produkcji miodu naturalnego, jego importu i eksportu oraz cen w Polsce na tle sytuacji w pozostałych krajach w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2000-2020 oraz w porównaniu do zmian zachodzących na świecie. W opracowaniu wykorzystano wtórne źródła informacji pochodzące głownie z bazy danych FAOSTAT 2022. Produkcja miodu zarówno w Polsce, jak i w krajach UE i na świecie charakteryzowała się w analizowanym okresie tendencją wzrostową. Największym producentem miodu są Chiny, które dostarczają na rynek co czwarty kilogram produktu, podczas gdy UE około 13%. W pierwszej trzydziestce największych producentów miodu naturalnego jest 11 państw z Europy, w tym 9 z UE - na czwartej pozycji jest Polska. Samowystarczalność wspólnoty w zakresie miodu wynosi jedynie 60%, dlatego Ilościowo i wartościowo dynamicznie zwiększały się obroty handlu zagranicznego miodem. Ogółem w UE saldo handlowe miodem było ujemne. Zmieniła się struktura eksportu i importu miodu z i do UE, co jest wynikiem z jednej strony czynników losowych tj. pandemia Covid-19, agresja Rosji na Ukrainę a także ekonomicznych, demograficznych, społecznych i środowiskowych.

Suggested Citation

  • Borowska, Agnieszka, 2022. "Zmiany w produkcji i handlu zagranicznym miodem w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej i świata," Problems of World Agriculture / Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, vol. 22(4), December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:polpwa:333582
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.333582
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