IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/hukrgr/253396.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Élettartam Tízezer Évvel Ezelőtt És Ma: Tényleg Hosszabb Ideig Élünk?

Author

Listed:
  • Horváth, Balázs

Abstract

Tizenkétezer évvel ezelőttig a Föld valamennyi humán lakója természeti népként élt és gyűjtögető-vadászó életmódot folytatott. Az akkor megindult mezőgazdasági forradalom az ember életét lassan minden vonatkozásban alapvetően megváltoztatta: rétegződött a társadalom, átalakult a munka, megváltozott az időbeosztás és a táplálkozás, a további változások tempója pedig felgyorsult. Napjainkig általános a vélekedés, hogy az elmúlt évezredek során bekövetkezett változások minden tekintetben pozitívak voltak, bár vannak olyan kutatók is (pl. DIAMOND 1992, 1997, 2012, HARARI 2012), akik az élet számos területén életminőség-csökkenésre hívják fel a figyelmet. Álláspontjuk szerint a mezőgazdálkodó ember sokáig többet dolgozott gyűjtögető-vadászó őseinél, kevesebb volt a szabadideje, új betegségekre, járványokra tett szert, gyakoribbá vált az éhezés, és az emberek legtöbbje alávetettségbe kényszerült. A helyzet csak az utóbbi száz évben vált az átlagember számára jobbá, akkor is csak a fejlettnek nevezett világban. A közvélemény azonban még ma is csak fejlődés jelenségeit látja, amelyek között különösen büszkék vagyunk az ember élettartamának példátlan meghosszabbodására, s ezt a nem progresszivista szerzők is ritkán kérdőjelezik meg. A cikk e hiedelem alapjait vizsgálja, és arra hoz fel érveket, hogy a kutatók zömének véleményével ellentétben az élettartam-növekedés is jórészt csak látszólagos. ------------------------- Until 12 thousand years ago virtually all peoples on Earth lived as gatherers and hunters. The agricultural revolution that started around that time has changed virtually every facets of our lives: quality and quantity of work, diet, health and structure of society are only a few notable areas where substantial changes ensued. It’s our widely held belief–nourished by practically all school curricula in the developed world–that these changes have always been highly advantageous to man. However, according to the studies of more and more prestigious researchers (e.g. DIAMOND 1992, 1997, 2012, HARARI 2012), this was not the case. The first farmers had a poorer diet, had shorter statures, suffered from more severe famines and epidemics, had more decayed teeth, worked more, had less leisure time, and slept less than their hunter-gatherer neighbours. What’s more, the situation of agriculturalists hasn’t changed much for millennia, if not for the worse: it was only by the end of the 19th century when civilized countries managed–and even then only the most developed ones–to reach the hunter-gatherer standard in terms of life expectancy, and also of some other respects we’re so proud of today (like lack of slavery, etc.). Nevertheless, most people still believe that the human history over the last 12 thousand years has been characterised by a continuous progress, and even those who don’t–revisionist authors like Jared Diamond–promote the idea that today’s civilized people live longer than their gatherer-hunter forefathers. The article investigates the background of this delusion and advances arguments supporting the view that modern man’s longer life span is illusory, unless the lives of embryos are left out of consideration. They shouldn’t be since, regardless of what (if any) value we ascribe to them, human embryos do represent a developmental stage of man, hence they are human individuals. As most of them are killed by the prospective mother’s overweight, alcohol consumption, smoking, by the polluted air she breathes in, or by the oral contraceptives she uses, the average time a human individual lives is much shorter today than it used to be in our gatherer-hunter past.

Suggested Citation

  • Horváth, Balázs, 2016. "Élettartam Tízezer Évvel Ezelőtt És Ma: Tényleg Hosszabb Ideig Élünk?," Journal of Central European Green Innovation, Karoly Robert University College, vol. 4(3), pages 1-17.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:hukrgr:253396
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.253396
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/253396/files/12_Horvath.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.253396?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Health Economics and Policy;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:hukrgr:253396. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/gtkrghu.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.