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IFSB Standards Adoption and Its Impact on Islamic Banking Practices: Evidence from Pakistan اعتماد معايير مجلس الخدمات المالية الإسلامية وأثره على الممارسات المصرفية الإسلامية: أدلة من باكستان

Author

Listed:
  • Azam Ali

    (Dean, COMMECS Institute of Business and Emerging Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan)

  • Muhamed Zulkhibri

    (Senior Economist, Islamic Development Bank Institute, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)

  • Tanveer Kishwar

    (Associate Professor, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Pakistan)

Abstract

The adoption of the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) criteria for Islamic banks is more challenging for a bigger number of supervisory and regulatory authorities than for conventional banks. This paper investigated the IFSB-15 standard; revised capital adequacy standard for institutions offering Islamic financial services [excluding islamic insurance (takāful) institutions and islamic collective investment schemes], by evaluating the possibility of its adoption within a dual banking system and introduced an analysis of the effects of Islamic banks in Pakistan. The study found that in practise, investment account holders are treated as conventional depositors that are capital-guaranteed rather than basing that allocation on the basis of profit and loss sharing (PLS) in accordance to Sharīʿah norms and stipulations. This treatment forced Islamic banking institutions to take a market-perspective approach to profit distribution. This makes them ensure a steady profit pay-out (paying a competitive rate of return by accepting displaced commercial risk). The paper therefore suggested that the implementation of technical standards has to be accompanied with institutional growth, like that involved in the Islamic banking structure and institutional capacity in accordace to the substance of Sharīʿah norms and stipulations rather than the form. ينطوي اعتماد معايير مجلس الخدمات المالية الإسلامية الخاصة بالمصارف والمؤسسات المالية الإسلامية، مقارنة بالبنوك التقليدية، على تحديات كبيرة للعديد من السلطات الإشرافية والتنظيمية. تُسَلِّط الدراسة الحالية الضوءْ على معيار المجلس الخامس عشر (15)؛ المتعلق بكفاية رأس مال المؤسسات التي تُقدم خدمات إسلامية (يُستثنى من ذلك مؤسسات التكافل وصناديق الاستثمار)، من خلال تقييم إمكانية اعتماده ضمن نظام مصرفي مزدوج، عبر مقاربة تقوم على تحليلٍ الآثار التي يمكن أن تترتب على تطبيق هذا المعيار على المصارف الإسلامية في باكستان. توصلت الدراسة إلى أنه من الناحية العملية يتم التعامل مع أصحاب حسابات الاستثمار كأنهم مودعون تقليديون لا يتقاسمون الربح والخسارة -كما هو مطلوب وفق معايير الشريعة وضوابطها-؛ حيث يتم ضمان رأس المال بغض النظر عن نتيجة المشروع الذي استخدمت فيه تلك الأموال. وهذا ما فرض على المؤسسات المصرفية الإسلامية إلى اتباع منهج يتماشى مع ما هو سائد في أسواق المال لتوزيع الأرباح، لأن ذلك يضمن لها عائدًا ثابتًا للربح (دفع معدل عائد تنافسي من خلال قبول المخاطر التجارية المستبدلة). توصي الورقة بأن يترافق تطبيق المعايير الفنية لمجلس الخدمات المالية الإسلامية مع نمو مؤسسي مماثل لما يتضمنه الهيكل المصرفي الإسلامي والقدرة المؤسسية وفق قواعد الشريعة وضوابطها حقيقة لا شكلاً، مضمونًا لا مظهرًا.

Suggested Citation

  • Azam Ali & Muhamed Zulkhibri & Tanveer Kishwar, 2022. "IFSB Standards Adoption and Its Impact on Islamic Banking Practices: Evidence from Pakistan اعتماد معايير مجلس الخدمات المالية الإسلامية وأثره على الممارسات المصرفية الإسلامية: أدلة من باكستان," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 35(2), pages 54-75, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:35:y:2022:i:2:no:4:p:54-75
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.35-2.4
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Islamic Banks; IFSB Standard; Capital Adequacy; Pakistan; profit and loss sharing. البنوك الإسلامية، معايير مجلس الخدمات المالية الإسلامية، كفاية رأس المال، باكستان;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G1 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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