Author
Abstract
The paper discusses the advantages of replacing corporate tax by zakat in the two cases of stable prices and inflation. In the first case zakat sharpens the differences in marginal efficiency of capital in different activities leading to better allocation of resources. Unlike corporate tax the real ratio of zakat to income does not rise in an inflationary situation so that it does not decelerate growth and does not curb future supply. Contemporary taxes have failed to redistribute income in favour of the poor, where as zakat can decrease disparities as it is levied on wealth and not on income from work. The paper criticizes the policy of raising the rate of interest to curb inflation as this slows down investment and curbs future aggregate supply. The prohibition of interest by Islam makes imperative a recourse to an alternative policy. يناقش المقال أولاً مزايا إحلال الزكاة محل ضريبة دخل الشركات في حالتي استقرار الأسعار والتضخم. ففي الحالة الأولى تؤكد الزكاة (أكثر من الضريبة) الفروقات في الكفاءة الحدية لرأس المال في النشاطات المختلفة، فتدفع إلى استغلال أفضل الموارد. أما في حالة التضخم فإن الزكاة لا تزداد نسبتها الحقيقية إلى الدخل كما هو الشأن في ضريبة دخل الشركات، فلا تثبط النمو ولاتحد من زيادة عرض السلع والخدمات في المستقبل. ويرى عديد من الاقتصاديين أن النظم الضرائبية المعاصرة لم تفلح في إعادة توزيع الدخل إلى الفقراء، ويرى الكاتب أن الزكاة -باعتبارها تجب على الثروة، ولا تجب على الدخل من العمل- تستطيع التأثير على توزيع الدخل بحيث تقلل التفاوت. ثم ينتقد الكاتب سياسة رفع معدلات الفائدة للحد من التضخم، لأن ذلك يثبط الاستثمار ويحد من العرض الكلي في المستقبل فيزرع بذور التضخم المقبل، ويرى أن تحريم الفائدة في الإسلام يوجب اللجوء إلى سياسات أخرى بديلة.
Suggested Citation
Basil Al-Naqib, 1985.
"Growth, Unemployment, Inflation and some Aspects of The Islamic Economy النمو والبطالة والتضخم وجوانب من الاقتصاد الإسلامي,"
Journal of Research in Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 3(1), pages 91-106, January.
Handle:
RePEc:abd:crieja:v:3:y:1985:i:1:no:13:p:91-106
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