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Competition and hospital quality: Evidence from a French natural experiment

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  • Gobillon, Laurent
  • Milcent, Carine

Abstract

We evaluate the effect of a pro-competition reform gradually introduced in France over the 2004-2008 period on hospital quality measured with the mortality of heart-attack patients. Our analysis distinguishes between hospitals depending on their status: public (university or non-teaching), non-profit or for-profit. These hospitals differ in their degree of managerial and financial autonomy as well as their reimbursement systems and incentives for competition before the reform, but they are all under a DRG-based payment system after the reform. For each hospital status, we assess the benefits of local competition in terms of decrease in mortality after the reform. We estimate a duration model for mortality stratified at the hospital level to take into account hospital unobserved heterogeneity and censorship in the duration of stays in a flexible way. Estimations are conducted using an exhaustive dataset at the patient level over the 1999-2011 period. We find that non-profit hospitals, which have managerial autonomy and no incentive for competition before the reform, enjoyed larger declines in mortality in places where there is greater competition than in less competitive markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Gobillon, Laurent & Milcent, Carine, 2017. "Competition and hospital quality: Evidence from a French natural experiment," CEPR Discussion Papers 11773, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
  • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11773
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    Cited by:

    1. Kunz, Johannes S. & Staub, Kevin E. & Winkelmann, Rainer, 2017. "Estimating Fixed Effects: Perfect Prediction and Bias in Binary Response Panel Models, with an Application to the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program," IZA Discussion Papers 11182, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Anne-Fleur Roos & Eddy van Doorslaer & Owen O'Donnell & Erik Schut & Marco Varkevisser, 2018. "Does price competition damage healthcare quality?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 18-040/V, Tinbergen Institute.
    3. Carine Milcent & Laurent Gobillon, 2017. "The effects of decentralisation and competition on hospital management and performance in France," Post-Print halshs-01990996, HAL.
    4. Carrie Colla & Julie Bynum & Andrea Austin & Jonathan Skinner, 2016. "Hospital Competition, Quality, and Expenditures in the U.S. Medicare Population," NBER Working Papers 22826, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Roos, Anne-Fleur & O’Donnell, Owen & Schut, Frederik T. & Van Doorslaer, Eddy & Van Gestel, Raf & Varkevisser, Marco, 2020. "Does price deregulation in a competitive hospital market damage quality?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    6. Guanfu Fang & Hui Cao, 2020. "State versus private provision: How does China’s market‐oriented reform affect healthcare delivery?," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(3), pages 381-411, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Competition; Hospital ownership; Policy evaluation; Heart attack;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I11 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Analysis of Health Care Markets
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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