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Évolutions récentes des émissions de CO2 liées à la mobilité des Français : analyser les dynamiques à l’œuvre grâce aux enquêtes nationales Transports de 1994 et 2008

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  • Jean-Pierre Nicolas
  • Damien Verry
  • Zahia Longuar

Abstract

[fre] Les transports constituent une source importante d'émissions humaines de CO2.. Centré sur les mobilités individuelles, cet article vise à appréhender les facteurs socioéconomiques explicatifs des émissions de CO2 résultant de la mobilité des personnes, ainsi que leurs évolutions au cours des dernières années. Il s'appuie sur les deux dernières enquêtes nationales Transports de 1994 et 2008. Ces enquêtes fournissent une image de l'ensemble des déplacements des personnes résidant sur le territoire national, qu'ils soient réalisés localement ou à longue distance et à l'étranger. Pour les besoins de cet article, les émissions de chaque déplacement recueilli par ces enquêtes ont été estimées, ce qui a permis de déterminer les facteurs explicatifs et les dynamiques à l' oeuvre derrière les résultats agrégés à un grand niveau de détail. Si les émissions progressent de 14 % entre 1994 et 2008, les tendances ne sont pas les mêmes sur les territoires du quotidien qu'en longue distance. En ce qui concerne les déplacements locaux, la progression très nette (+ 17 %) est tirée notamment par la poursuite de l'étalement urbain alors que les habitants des espaces centraux diminuent leurs mobilités et leurs émissions. Les facteurs de cette augmentation résident essentiellement dans les contraintes liées aux déplacements domicile-travail des actifs, ainsi que dans des changements générationnels tels que la forte augmentation des effectifs des seniors et leur propension plus forte que celle de la génération précédente à utiliser la voiture. Sur la longue distance, l'augmentation du nombre de déplacements enregistrée sur la période est compensée en partie par une baisse des émissions unitaires, et la croissance des émissions de CO2 (+ 8 %) reflète principalement la croissance de la population (+ 6 %).

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Nicolas & Damien Verry & Zahia Longuar, 2012. "Évolutions récentes des émissions de CO2 liées à la mobilité des Français : analyser les dynamiques à l’œuvre grâce aux enquêtes nationales Transports de 1994 et 2008," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 457(1), pages 161-183.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_2012_num_457_1_9970
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2012.9970
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.2012.9970
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    References listed on IDEAS

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