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Developing Standards for Post-Hoc Weighting in Population-Based Survey Experiments

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  • Franco, Annie
  • Malhotra, Neil
  • Simonovits, Gabor
  • Zigerell, L. J.

Abstract

Weighting techniques are employed to generalize results from survey experiments to populations of theoretical and substantive interest. Although weighting is often viewed as a second-order methodological issue, these adjustment methods invoke untestable assumptions about the nature of sample selection and potential heterogeneity in the treatment effect. Therefore, although weighting is a useful technique in estimating population quantities, it can introduce bias and also be used as a researcher degree of freedom. We review survey experiments published in three major journals from 2000–2015 and find that there are no standard operating procedures for weighting survey experiments. We argue that all survey experiments should report the sample average treatment effect (SATE). Researchers seeking to generalize to a broader population can weight to estimate the population average treatment effect (PATE), but should discuss the construction and application of weights in a detailed and transparent manner given the possibility that weighting can introduce bias.

Suggested Citation

  • Franco, Annie & Malhotra, Neil & Simonovits, Gabor & Zigerell, L. J., 2017. "Developing Standards for Post-Hoc Weighting in Population-Based Survey Experiments," Journal of Experimental Political Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 4(2), pages 161-172, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:jexpos:v:4:y:2017:i:02:p:161-172_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Bor, Jacob & Venkataramani, Atheendar & Williams, David & Tsai, Alexander, 2024. "Reply to McCrain, Adams, Nix, and Del Pozo (2024), "Reconsidering a prominent finding on the spillover effects of police killings of unarmed Black Americans"," SocArXiv 6hx5p, Center for Open Science.
    2. Peez, Anton & Bethke, Felix S., 2023. "Does Public Opinion on Foreign Policy Affect Elite Preferences? Evidence from the 2022 US Sanctions against Russia," SocArXiv qzrj2, Center for Open Science.
    3. Deniz Dutz & Ingrid Huitfeldt & Santiago Lacouture & Magne Mogstad & Alexander Torgovitsky & Winnie van Dijk, 2021. "Selection in Surveys," NBER Working Papers 29549, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
      • Deniz Dutz & Ingrid Huitfeldt & Santiago Lacouture & Magne Mogstad & Alexander Torgovitsky & Winnie van Dijk, 2021. "Selection in Surveys," Discussion Papers 971, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    4. Headley, Andrea M. & Blount-Hill, Kwan-Lamar & St. John, Victor J., 2021. "The psychology of justice buildings: A survey experiment on police architecture, public sentiment, and race," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).

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