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Determinanten regionaler Unterschiede in der Gründungshäufigkeit wissensintensiver Dienstleister

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  • Almus, Matthias
  • Egeln, Jürgen
  • Engel, Dirk

Abstract

Dem Neugründungsgeschehen in Dienstleistungsbranchen wird oft zugeschrieben, dass es einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum Strukturwandel zu einer wissensorientierten Wirtschaft leistet. Die hier vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die regionstypenspezifischen Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten im Neugründungsgeschehen in wissensintensiven Dienstleistungsbranchen zwischen Österreich und Westdeutschland. Darüber hinaus werden mit Hilfe ökonometrischer Modelle Faktoren identifiziert, welche die regionale Verteilung von Gründungen aus diesem Bereich und die Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten in der Wirkungsrichtung und Wirkungsstärke in beiden Ländern erklären. Die deskriptive Analyse des Gründungsgeschehens im wissensintensiven Dienstleistungsbereich lässt erkennen, dass vom Beginn bis zur Mitte der 90er Jahre eher eine Gewichtsverschiebung hin zu den Metropolregionen stattgefunden hat. Zudem ergeben sich Hinweise, dass Westdeutschland und Österreich sich auf unterschiedlichen Niveaus hinsichtlich einer wissensbasierten Dienstleistungsgesellschaft befinden. Sowohl die Anteile wissensintensiver Dienstleistungsgründungen an allen Gründungen als auch deren relative Höhe bezogen auf die Erwerbsfähigenzahl ist in Westdeutschland höher als in Österreich. Für Österreich ergibt sich daraus ein relativer Nachholbedarf hinsichtlich des Wandels zu einer wissensbasierten Dienstleistungsgesellschaft. Die multivariate Analyse zeigt, dass eine gemeinsame, gleichgerichtete Wirkung auf die Gründungshäufigkeit von Faktoren aus den Bereichen ?Wirtschaftsstruktur des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes? und ?Siedlungsstruktur? ausgeht. Eine spezifische, nach Untersuchungsraum verschiedene Wirkung haben Größen aus den Bereichen ?Wirtschaftsstruktur des Dienstleistungssektors?, ?Bevölkerungsstruktur?, ?Qualifikationsstruktur? und ?Infrastruktur?. Besonders förderlich auf das hier betrachtete Gründungsgeschehen wirken hohe Beschäftigtenanteile von unternehmensnahen Dienstleistungsbranchen, während abgesehen von der Elektroindustrie der Beschäftigtenanteil der Industrie keinen signifikanten Einfluss hat.

Suggested Citation

  • Almus, Matthias & Egeln, Jürgen & Engel, Dirk, 1999. "Determinanten regionaler Unterschiede in der Gründungshäufigkeit wissensintensiver Dienstleister," ZEW Discussion Papers 99-22, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:5239
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Wouter Jacobs & Hans R. A. Koster & Frank van Oort, 2014. "Co-agglomeration of knowledge-intensive business services and multinational enterprises," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 14(2), pages 443-475.
    2. Knut Koschatzky & Thomas Stahlecker, 2004. "On the significance of geographical proximity for the structure and development of newly founded knowledge-intensive business service firms," ERSA conference papers ersa04p295, European Regional Science Association.
    3. Andreas Koch & Thomas Stahlecker, 2004. "Firm Foundations in the Knowledge Intensive Business Service Sector. Results from a Comparative Empirical Study in Three German Regions," IAW Discussion Papers 17, Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung (IAW).
    4. Heger, Diana & Rinawi, Miriam & Veith, Tobias, 2011. "The effect of broadband infrastructure on entrepreneurial activities: The case of Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 11-081, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    5. Franz Tödtling & Herta Wanzenböck, 2003. "Regional differences in structural characteristics of start-ups," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(4), pages 351-370, October.
    6. Dirk Engel & Andreas Fier, 2001. "Does R&D Infrastructure Attract High-Tech Start-Ups?," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Manfred M. Fischer & Josef Fröhlich (ed.), Knowledge, Complexity and Innovation Systems, chapter 19, pages 402-421, Springer.
    7. Frank Lasch & Frank Robert & Frédéric Roy, 2013. "Regional determinants of ICT new firm formation," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 40(3), pages 671-686, April.
    8. Stahlecker, Thomas & Koch, Andreas, 2004. "On the significance of economic structure and regional innovation systems for the foundation of knowledge-intensive business services," Working Papers "Firms and Region" R1/2004, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI).
    9. Harald Strotmann & Andreas Koch, 2005. "The Impact of Functional Integration and Spatial Proximity on the Post-entry Performance of Knowledge Intensive Business Service Firms," IAW Discussion Papers 18, Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung (IAW).
    10. Fertig, Michael & Görlitz, Katja & Peistrup, Matthias & Schmidt, Christoph M. & Winter, Barbara & Grenzmann, Christoph & Kreuels, Bernd & Niehof, Britta & Engel, Dirk, 2010. "Innovationsbericht 2009: Zur Leistungsfähigkeit des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen in Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie. Endbericht - Januar 2010. Forschungsprojekt für das Ministerium für Innovatio," RWI Projektberichte, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, number 72605.
    11. Stahlecker, Thomas & Koschatzky, Knut, 2004. "On the significance of geographical proximity for the structure and development of newly founded knowledge-intensive business service firms," Working Papers "Firms and Region" R2/2004, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    firm foundations; location;

    JEL classification:

    • L80 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - General
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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