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Industrial Policy for the 21st Century Lessons from the Past

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  • Alessio Terzi
  • Aneil Singh
  • Monika Sherwood

Abstract

The urgent need to accelerate on, and make a national success of, the green and digital transition are leading to wide-spread calls for greater government involvement in the economy, including by means of an active industrial policy. After reviewing several case studies, it becomes evident that, against conventional wisdom, nearly all countries have systematically engaged in some form of industrial policy, especially large economies like the USA and China, notwithstanding their very different economic models. The same is true for Europe, both at national level and through EU policies. After analysing these experiences, we draw six key policy lessons to inform future debates on how to shape a successful industrial policy in the years to come, and mitigate its risks, while acting in a context of souring geopolitical tensions. Nonetheless, industrial policy should not undermine the integrity of the Single Market, which has been, and should remain, a central element to ensure Europe’s prosperity going forward.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessio Terzi & Aneil Singh & Monika Sherwood, 2022. "Industrial Policy for the 21st Century Lessons from the Past," European Economy - Discussion Papers 157, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
  • Handle: RePEc:euf:dispap:157
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    File URL: https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/publications/industrial-policy-21st-century-lessons-past_en
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    Cited by:

    1. Ge, Guoqing & Xue, Jian & Zhang, Qian, 2024. "Industrial policy and governmental venture capital: Evidence from China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    2. Bofinger, Peter & Geißendörfer, Lisa & Haas, Thomas & Mayer, Fabian, 2023. "Credit as an instrument for growth: A monetary explanation of the Chinese growth story," W.E.P. - Würzburg Economic Papers 107, University of Würzburg, Department of Economics.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E65 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
    • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General
    • H81 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Governmental Loans; Loan Guarantees; Credits; Grants; Bailouts
    • L52 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
    • N10 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - General, International, or Comparative

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