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Carestía e inflación: qué esperar de la política agrícola y los gravámenes a la tierra y el carbono

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  • Carlos Gustavo Cano

Abstract

Recientemente, las alteraciones de las condiciones climáticas, cada vez con mayor frecuencia e intensidad, vienen afectando la producción de alimentos en Colombia y en el resto del mundo, provocando por consiguiente una creciente volatilidad de los precios de los alimentos, la cual se suma al cambio de los hábitos de nutrición de la población en las economías emergentes hacia el consumo de mayores contenidos de proteína animal, y al notable aumento de la producción de biocombustibles a partir de granos y oleaginosas. Como resultado, la presión de los precios de los alimentos se ha convertido en un factor de enorme peso en la determinación de la inflación total. Presión que por representar un típico choque ajeno a la demanda interna, se escapa del alcance de los instrumentos convencionales de la política monetaria. Por tanto, son otras políticas públicas las que deben responder. De un lado, la política agraria en materia de ciencia y tecnología, de la superación del conflicto entre la vocación agroecológica y el uso de la tierra principalmente a través del impuesto predial, y de la inclusión financiera en las áreas rurales. Y del otro, la tributación ambiental, en particular el establecimiento de un impuesto a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y de un régimen de créditos tributarios originados en la inversiones que sus contribuyentes adelanten en proyectos de ‘adaptación’ enmarcados dentro de objetivos de desarrollo sostenible orientados a mitigar el impacto adverso del cambio climático sobre el recurso hídrico y la producción agrícola.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Gustavo Cano, 2014. "Carestía e inflación: qué esperar de la política agrícola y los gravámenes a la tierra y el carbono," Borradores de Economia 12022, Banco de la Republica.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000094:012022
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Stern,Nicholas, 2007. "The Economics of Climate Change," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521700801.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inflación; alimentos; biotecnología; tierra; impuesto predial; impuesto al carbono.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • L65 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics

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