IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/mgtdec/v43y2022i8p3331-3337.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Supply chain ethics and transparency: An agent‐based model approach with Q‐learning agents

Author

Listed:
  • Daehyeon Park
  • Doojin Ryu

Abstract

This study examines suppliers' decision making regarding supply chain ethics and transparency using an agent‐based model with Q‐learning agents. A supplier may not accurately identify the demand for its product because the impact of supply chain ethics on the market is opaque. Thus, we define each supplier as a Q‐learning agent that learns via an iterative game process. Our simulation results show that suppliers maintain low levels of ethics and transparency, which is a collusion behavior. Several suppliers deviate from collusion, but most of the suppliers collude to manage the supply chain unethically and opaquely.

Suggested Citation

  • Daehyeon Park & Doojin Ryu, 2022. "Supply chain ethics and transparency: An agent‐based model approach with Q‐learning agents," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(8), pages 3331-3337, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:mgtdec:v:43:y:2022:i:8:p:3331-3337
    DOI: 10.1002/mde.3597
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3597
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/mde.3597?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Taehyun Ko & Jaeram Lee & Doojin Ryu, 2018. "Blockchain Technology and Manufacturing Industry: Real-Time Transparency and Cost Savings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-20, November.
    2. Sachin Kamble & Angappa Gunasekaran & Himanshu Arha, 2019. "Understanding the Blockchain technology adoption in supply chains-Indian context," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(7), pages 2009-2033, April.
    3. Junyi Xu, 2021. "Reinforcement Learning in a Cournot Oligopoly Model," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 58(4), pages 1001-1024, December.
    4. Emilio Calvano & Giacomo Calzolari & Vincenzo Denicolò & Sergio Pastorello, 2020. "Artificial Intelligence, Algorithmic Pricing, and Collusion," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(10), pages 3267-3297, October.
    5. Jill E. Hobbs, 2004. "Information asymmetry and the role of traceability systems," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(4), pages 397-415.
    6. Cohen, Wesley M & Klepper, Steven, 1996. "Firm Size and the Nature of Innovation within Industries: The Case of Process and Product R&D," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 78(2), pages 232-243, May.
    7. Calzolari, Giacomo & Calvano, Emilio & Denicolo, Vincenzo & Pastorello, Sergio, 2021. "Algorithmic collusion with imperfect monitoring," CEPR Discussion Papers 15738, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    8. ManMohan S. Sodhi & Christopher S. Tang, 2019. "Research Opportunities in Supply Chain Transparency," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 28(12), pages 2946-2959, December.
    9. Kristoffer Francisco & David Swanson, 2018. "The Supply Chain Has No Clothes: Technology Adoption of Blockchain for Supply Chain Transparency," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-13, January.
    10. Jiri Chod & Nikolaos Trichakis & Gerry Tsoukalas & Henry Aspegren & Mark Weber, 2020. "On the Financing Benefits of Supply Chain Transparency and Blockchain Adoption," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(10), pages 4378-4396, October.
    11. Gautier, Axel & Ittoo, Ashwin & Van Cleynenbreugel, Pieter, 2020. "AI algorithms, price discrimination and collusion: a technological, economic and legal perspective," LIDAM Reprints CORE 3138, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    12. Kyu Kim, Kyung & Yul Ryoo, Sung & Dug Jung, Myung, 2011. "Inter-organizational information systems visibility in buyer-supplier relationships: The case of telecommunication equipment component manufacturing industry," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 667-676, December.
    13. Stavrakas, Vassilis & Papadelis, Sotiris & Flamos, Alexandros, 2019. "An agent-based model to simulate technology adoption quantifying behavioural uncertainty of consumers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    14. Calvano, Emilio & Calzolari, Giacomo & Denicoló, Vincenzo & Pastorello, Sergio, 2021. "Algorithmic collusion with imperfect monitoring," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    15. James A. Brander & Barbara J. Spencer, 1983. "Strategic Commitment with R&D: The Symmetric Case," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 14(1), pages 225-235, Spring.
    16. Axel Gautier & Ashwin Ittoo & Pieter Cleynenbreugel, 2020. "AI algorithms, price discrimination and collusion: a technological, economic and legal perspective," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 405-435, December.
    17. Lin, Ping & Saggi, Kamal, 2002. "Product differentiation, process R&D, and the nature of market competition," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 201-211, January.
    18. Gallay, Olivier & Hongler, Max-Olivier, 2009. "Circulation of autonomous agents in production and service networks," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(2), pages 378-388, August.
    19. Michael Kopel & Eva Maria Putz, 2021. "Sharing managerial contract information in a vertically related market," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(4), pages 1037-1047, June.
    20. Shafiq, Asad & Ahmed, Muhammad Usman & Mahmoodi, Farzad, 2020. "Impact of supply chain analytics and customer pressure for ethical conduct on socially responsible practices and performance: An exploratory study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    21. Mehmet Gümüş & Saibal Ray & Haresh Gurnani, 2012. "Supply-Side Story: Risks, Guarantees, Competition, and Information Asymmetry," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 58(9), pages 1694-1714, September.
    22. Houssein Hellani & Layth Sliman & Abed Ellatif Samhat & Ernesto Exposito, 2021. "On Blockchain Integration with Supply Chain: Overview on Data Transparency," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-23, July.
    23. Chunguang Bai & Joseph Sarkis, 2020. "A supply chain transparency and sustainability technology appraisal model for blockchain technology," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(7), pages 2142-2162, April.
    24. Bo Yan & Kun Luo & Li‐Feng Liu & Yan‐Ru Chen & Yi‐Fan Yang, 2020. "Supply chain finance: A three‐party decision model with suppliers' guarantees for retailers," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(7), pages 1174-1194, October.
    25. Fiala, P., 2005. "Information sharing in supply chains," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 419-423, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Taehyun Ko & Jaeram Lee & Daehyeon Park & Doojin Ryu, 2023. "Supply chain transparency as a signal of ethical production," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(3), pages 1565-1573, April.
    2. Simon Martin & Alexander Rasch, 2022. "Collusion by Algorithm: The Role of Unobserved Actions," CESifo Working Paper Series 9629, CESifo.
    3. Martin, Simon & Rasch, Alexander, 2022. "Collusion by algorithm: The role of unobserved actions," DICE Discussion Papers 382, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    4. Montecchi, Matteo & Plangger, Kirk & West, Douglas C., 2021. "Supply chain transparency: A bibliometric review and research agenda," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    5. Abderahman Rejeb & Karim Rejeb & Steve Simske & Horst Treiblmaier, 2021. "Blockchain Technologies in Logistics and Supply Chain Management: A Bibliometric Review," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-28, October.
    6. Aleksandar B. Todorov, 2022. "Algorithmic pricing and concerted behaviour – competitive challenges?," Economic Thought journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 1, pages 90-107.
    7. Martino Banchio & Giacomo Mantegazza, 2022. "Artificial Intelligence and Spontaneous Collusion," Papers 2202.05946, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2023.
    8. Vincenzo Varriale & Antonello Cammarano & Francesca Michelino & Mauro Caputo, 2020. "The Unknown Potential of Blockchain for Sustainable Supply Chains," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-16, November.
    9. Naemi Schäfer, 2023. "Making transparency transparent: a systematic literature review to define and frame supply chain transparency in the context of sustainability," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 73(2), pages 579-604, June.
    10. Sharfuddin Ahmed Khan & Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik & Simonov Kusi‐Sarpong & Himanshu Gupta & Syed Imran Zaman & Mobashar Mubarik, 2022. "Blockchain technologies as enablers of supply chain mapping for sustainable supply chains," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(8), pages 3742-3756, December.
    11. Normann, Hans-Theo & Sternberg, Martin, 2023. "Human-algorithm interaction: Algorithmic pricing in hybrid laboratory markets," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    12. Colombo, Stefano & Filippini, Luigi & Pignataro, Aldo, 2024. "Information sharing, personalized pricing, and collusion," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    13. Kirti Nayal & Rakesh D. Raut & Balkrishna E. Narkhede & Pragati Priyadarshinee & Gajanan B. Panchal & Vidyadhar V. Gedam, 2023. "Antecedents for blockchain technology-enabled sustainable agriculture supply chain," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 327(1), pages 293-337, August.
    14. Latan, Hengky & Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, Ana Beatriz & Sarkis, Joseph & Chiappetta Jabbour, Charbel Jose & Ali, Murad, 2024. "The nexus of supply chain performance and blockchain technology in the digitalization era: Insights from a fast-growing economy," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    15. Gonzalo Ballestero, 2021. "Collusion and Artificial Intelligence: A computational experiment with sequential pricing algorithms under stochastic costs," Young Researchers Working Papers 1, Universidad de San Andres, Departamento de Economia, revised Oct 2022.
    16. Jason D. Hartline & Sheng Long & Chenhao Zhang, 2024. "Regulation of Algorithmic Collusion," Papers 2401.15794, arXiv.org.
    17. Li, Yuze & Jiang, Shangrong & Shi, Jianming & Wei, Yunjie, 2021. "Pricing strategies for blockchain payment service under customer heterogeneity," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    18. Laura Abrardi & Carlo Cambini & Laura Rondi, 2022. "Artificial intelligence, firms and consumer behavior: A survey," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(4), pages 969-991, September.
    19. Dubus, Antoine, 2024. "Behavior-based algorithmic pricing," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    20. Florian Peiseler & Alexander Rasch & Shiva Shekhar, 2022. "Imperfect information, algorithmic price discrimination, and collusion," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 124(2), pages 516-549, April.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:mgtdec:v:43:y:2022:i:8:p:3331-3337. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/7976 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.