IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/joerap/v6y2023i2d10.1007_s41996-022-00110-y.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Bivariate Probit Model of Attitudes Toward the Preferential Hiring and Promotion of Women and Black People

Author

Listed:
  • Steven T. Yen

    (National Taiwan University)

  • Ernest M. Zampelli

    (The Catholic University of America)

Abstract

This paper examines the roles of biological sex, race, racist and sexist attitudes, social class, education, political ideology, and partisanship in forming individual attitudes toward affirmative action in the employment (AAE) of women and Black people. Unlike previous research, our empirical approach treats these attitudes as jointly determined, which affords the opportunity to assess previously unexamined, salient joint probabilities necessary for fully evaluating the extent to which such gender- and race-based AAE policies will be supported by the public. Results suggest the joint probability of supporting both affirmative action in employment of women and affirmative action in employment of Black people is less than 25 percent for the average person, regardless of racist/sexist attitudes, educational achievement, political ideology, party affiliation, or social class. More granular analyses predict even smaller probabilities for average White males and average White females. For Black females and Black people overall, predicted joint probabilities of support, though considerably higher, remain well below 50 percent. Overall, our results strongly suggest that garnering widespread public support for the preferential hiring and promotion of women and/or Black people will continue to be an uphill struggle.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven T. Yen & Ernest M. Zampelli, 2023. "A Bivariate Probit Model of Attitudes Toward the Preferential Hiring and Promotion of Women and Black People," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 6(2), pages 82-101, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:6:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s41996-022-00110-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s41996-022-00110-y
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41996-022-00110-y
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s41996-022-00110-y?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Greene,William H. & Hensher,David A., 2010. "Modeling Ordered Choices," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521142373, November.
    2. Greene,William H. & Hensher,David A., 2010. "Modeling Ordered Choices," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521194204, November.
    3. Engle, Robert F., 1984. "Wald, likelihood ratio, and Lagrange multiplier tests in econometrics," Handbook of Econometrics, in: Z. Griliches† & M. D. Intriligator (ed.), Handbook of Econometrics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 13, pages 775-826, Elsevier.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. William H. Greene & Mark N. Harris & Rachel J. Knott & Nigel Rice, 2021. "Specification and testing of hierarchical ordered response models with anchoring vignettes," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 184(1), pages 31-64, January.
    2. Hanna Dudek & Joanna Landmesser, 2012. "Income satisfaction and relative deprivation," Statistics in Transition new series, Główny Urząd Statystyczny (Polska), vol. 13(2), pages 321-334, June.
    3. Andrew Powell & Pilar Tavella, 2012. "Capital Inflow Surges in Emerging Economies: How Worried Should LAC Be?," Research Department Publications 4782, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    4. Chappell, Henry W. & McGregor, Rob Roy, 2018. "Committee decision-making at Sweden's Riksbank," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 120-133.
    5. Charlie Tchinda & Marcus Dejardin, 2021. "Are Business Policy Measures in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic to Be Equally Valued? An Exploration According to SMEs Owners’ Business Expectations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, October.
    6. Patricia Cubí‐Mollá & Mireia Jofre‐Bonet & Victoria Serra‐Sastre, 2017. "Adaptation to health states: Sick yet better off?," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(12), pages 1826-1843, December.
    7. Ahmad Adeel & Bruno Notteboom & Ansar Yasar & Kris Scheerlinck & Jeroen Stevens, 2021. "Sustainable Streetscape and Built Environment Designs around BRT Stations: A Stated Choice Experiment Using 3D Visualizations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, June.
    8. Jeffrey A. Edwards & Tara R. Wade & Mark L. Burkey & R. Gary Pumphrey, 2014. "Forecasting the Public's Acceptability of Municipal Water Regulation and Price Rationing for Communities on the Ogallala Aquifer," Journal of Economic Insight, Missouri Valley Economic Association, vol. 40(1), pages 1-30.
    9. Simona Iammarino & Elisabetta Marinelli & Elisabetta Marinelli, 2011. "Is the Grass Greener on the other Side of the Fence? Graduate Mobility and Job Satisfaction in Italy," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 43(11), pages 2761-2777, November.
    10. Ermagun, Alireza & Stathopoulos, Amanda, 2018. "To bid or not to bid: An empirical study of the supply determinants of crowd-shipping," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 468-483.
    11. Mohit Batham & Soudeh Mirghasemi & Mohammad Arshad Rahman & Manini Ojha, 2021. "Modeling and Analysis of Discrete Response Data: Applications to Public Opinion on Marijuana Legalization in the United States," Papers 2109.10122, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
    12. Mahdi Rezapour & F. Richard Ferraro, 2021. "The impact of commuters’ psychological feelings due to delay on perceived quality of a rail transport," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-8, December.
    13. Migliardo, Carlo, 2012. "Heterogeneity in price setting behavior, spatial disparities and sectoral diversity: Evidence from a panel of Italian firms," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 1106-1118.
    14. Jose Apesteguia & Miguel A. Ballester, 2023. "The rationalizability of survey responses," Economics Working Papers 1863, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    15. Evans, Keith S. & Teisl, Mario F. & Lando, Amy. M. & Liu, Sherry T., 2020. "Risk perceptions and food-handling practices in the home," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    16. Vivek, Adheesh Kumar & Mohapatra, Smruti Sourava & Jena, Suprava, 2022. "Evaluation of user perception to define level of service criteria of rail road grade crossing: An exploratory statistical approach," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 64-76.
    17. William H Greene & Mark N Harris & Christopher Spencer, 2013. "Estimating the Standard Errors of Individual-Specific Parameters in Random Parameters Models," Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre Working Paper series WP1309, Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School.
    18. Patricia H. Born & E. Tice Sirmans, 2019. "Regret in health insurance post‐purchase behavior," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 22(2), pages 207-219, July.
    19. Nordström, Jonas & Thunström, Linda, 2013. "The Impact of Price Reductions on Individuals' Choice of Healthy Meals Away from Home," Working Papers 2013:21, Lund University, Department of Economics.
    20. Vassilopoulos, Achilleas & Klonaris, Stathis, 2016. "Determinants of transition in artificially discrete Markov chains using microdata," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 17-20.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:6:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s41996-022-00110-y. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.