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Monnaie et libéralisme : le cas Hayek

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  • Christian Tutin

Abstract

[eng] Hayek's proposal of competitive supply of money strongly opposes the monetary tradition of liberalism, who rested on the alleged inhability of market mecha- nisms to ensure both the determination of the quantity of money and its equilibrium value. . Nevertheless, the stability of a competitive monetary order is highly doubtful/, for it is based upon the possibility that banks could control secondary emissions, and discover through market procedures a stable standard of value. Moreover, the plurality of currencies seems very difficult to maintain through time. . Thus the proposition that monetary competition would eliminate inflation and the subsequent fluctuations of investment and output, far from being proved, appears as a mere postulate. . The Hayekian Utopia is then more vuluable for its critical aspects than for its own validity. [fre] En affirmant la possibilité d'une régulation marchande de l'offre de monnaie, Hayek prend le contre-pied d'une tradition libérale deux fois séculaire. . La stabilité d'un ordre monétaire concurrentiel, établi à partir de monnaies auto- déclarées, reste cependant très hypothétique. Elle repose en effet sur la capacité supposée des banques à empêcher toute émission secondaire « parasite », et à découvrir un étalon de pouvoir d'achat. . Le maintien dans le temps de la pluralité monétaire apparaît également douteux. . Quant à l'élimination de l'inflation, elle est entièrement suspendue aux résultats de la concurrence monétaire. . La privatisation de l'offre de monnaie apparaît ainsi comme une utopie, plus intéressante par ses vertus critiques à l'égard de la double tradition monétariste et keynésienne, qui repose sur le postulat de centralisation, que par la réalité des avantages à en attendre.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Tutin, 1989. "Monnaie et libéralisme : le cas Hayek," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 16(1), pages 153-178.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1989_num_16_1_1081
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1989.1081
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1989.1081
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