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Future Changes in Simulated Evapotranspiration across Continental Africa Based on CMIP6 CNRM-CM6

Author

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  • Isaac Kwesi Nooni

    (Binjiang College, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Wuxi 214105, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Daniel Fiifi T. Hagan

    (Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Guojie Wang

    (Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Waheed Ullah

    (Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Jiao Lu

    (Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Shijie Li

    (Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Mawuli Dzakpasu

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Nana Agyemang Prempeh

    (School of Geosciences, Department of Geographic Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani P.O. Box 214, Ghana)

  • Kenny T. C. Lim Kam Sian

    (Binjiang College, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Wuxi 214105, China
    Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

Abstract

The main goal of this study was to assess the interannual variations and spatial patterns of projected changes in simulated evapotranspiration (ET) in the 21st century over continental Africa based on the latest Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and the Representative Concentration Pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5) provided by the France Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM-CM) model in the Sixth Phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) framework. The projected spatial and temporal changes were computed for three time slices: 2020–2039 (near future), 2040–2069 (mid-century), and 2080–2099 (end-of-the-century), relative to the baseline period (1995–2014). The results show that the spatial pattern of the projected ET was not uniform and varied across the climate region and under the SSP-RCPs scenarios. Although the trends varied, they were statistically significant for all SSP-RCPs. The SSP5-8.5 and SSP3-7.0 projected higher ET seasonality than SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5. In general, we suggest the need for modelers and forecasters to pay more attention to changes in the simulated ET and their impact on extreme events. The findings provide useful information for water resources managers to develop specific measures to mitigate extreme events in the regions most affected by possible changes in the region’s climate. However, readers are advised to treat the results with caution as they are based on a single GCM model. Further research on multi-model ensembles (as more models’ outputs become available) and possible key drivers may provide additional information on CMIP6 ET projections in the region.

Suggested Citation

  • Isaac Kwesi Nooni & Daniel Fiifi T. Hagan & Guojie Wang & Waheed Ullah & Jiao Lu & Shijie Li & Mawuli Dzakpasu & Nana Agyemang Prempeh & Kenny T. C. Lim Kam Sian, 2021. "Future Changes in Simulated Evapotranspiration across Continental Africa Based on CMIP6 CNRM-CM6," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6760-:d:580759
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    References listed on IDEAS

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