IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i7p2593-d343820.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Census Demographics and Chlorpyrifos Use in California’s Central Valley, 2011–15: A Distributional Environmental Justice Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel J. Hicks

    (Data Science Initiative, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
    Current address: University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA.)

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ACI), is one of the most widely used insecticides in the world, and is generally recognized to be a moderate human neurotoxin. This paper reports a distributional environmental justice (dEJ) analysis of chlorpyrifos use in California’s Central Valley, examining the way distributions of environmental risks are associated with race, ethnicity, class, gender, and other systems of structural oppression. Spatial data on chlorpyrifos use were retrieved from California’s Department of Pesticide Registration public pesticide use records for 2011–2015. These data were combined with demographic data for the Central Valley from the American Community Survey (ACS). Spatial regression models were used to estimate effects of demographic covariates on local chlorpyrifos use. A novel bootstrap method was used to account for measurement error in the ACS estimates. This study finds consistent evidence that Hispanic population proportion is associated with increased local chlorpyrifos use. A 10-point increase in Hispanic proportion is associated with an estimated 1.05–1.4-fold increase in local chlorpyrifos use across Census tract models. By contrast, effects of agricultural employment and poverty on local chlorpyrifos use are ambiguous and inconsistent between Census tracts and Census-designated places.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel J. Hicks, 2020. "Census Demographics and Chlorpyrifos Use in California’s Central Valley, 2011–15: A Distributional Environmental Justice Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:7:p:2593-:d:343820
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2593/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2593/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yoo Min Park & Mei-Po Kwan, 2017. "Multi-Contextual Segregation and Environmental Justice Research: Toward Fine-Scale Spatiotemporal Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Anselin, Luc, 1990. "Some robust approaches to testing and estimation in spatial econometrics," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 141-163, September.
    3. Seth E Spielman & David C Folch, 2015. "Reducing Uncertainty in the American Community Survey through Data-Driven Regionalization," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(2), pages 1-21, February.
    4. Chris Frost & Simon G. Thompson, 2000. "Correcting for regression dilution bias: comparison of methods for a single predictor variable," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 163(2), pages 173-189.
    5. Jing Ma & Bochu Liu & Gordon Mitchell & Guanpeng Dong, 2019. "A spatial analysis of air pollution and environmental inequality in Beijing, 2000–2010," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 62(14), pages 2437-2458, December.
    6. Lovasi, G.S. & Quinn, J.W. & Rauh, V.A. & Perera, F.P. & Andrews, H.F. & Garfinkel, R. & Hoepner, L. & Whyatt, R. & Rundle, A., 2011. "Chlorpyrifos exposure and urban residential environment characteristics as determinants of early childhood neurodevelopment," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(1), pages 63-70.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Neier, Thomas, 2023. "The green divide: A spatial analysis of segregation-based environmental inequality in Vienna," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    2. Anna Maria Santiago & Kristen A. Berg & Joffré Leroux, 2021. "Assessing the Impact of Neighborhood Conditions on Neurodevelopmental Disorders during Childhood," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-14, August.
    3. Khalid Haniza, 2015. "Spatial heterogeneity and spatial bias analyses in hedonic price models: some practical considerations," Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, vol. 28(28), pages 113-128, June.
    4. LE GALLO, Julie, 2000. "Econométrie spatiale 2 -Hétérogénéité spatiale," LATEC - Document de travail - Economie (1991-2003) 2001-01, LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne.
    5. Yoo Min Park & Mei-Po Kwan, 2020. "Understanding Racial Disparities in Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Considering the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Population Distribution," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, February.
    6. Julie Le Gallo, 2004. "Hétérogénéité spatiale : principes et méthodes," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 162(1), pages 151-172.
    7. Oliviero A. Carboni & Claudio Detotto, 2016. "The economic consequences of crime in Italy," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 43(1), pages 122-140, January.
    8. Cem Ertur & Julie Le Gallo & Catherine Baumont, 2006. "The European Regional Convergence Process, 1980-1995: Do Spatial Regimes and Spatial Dependence Matter?," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 29(1), pages 3-34, January.
    9. Kelejian, Harry H & Prucha, Ingmar R, 1999. "A Generalized Moments Estimator for the Autoregressive Parameter in a Spatial Model," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 40(2), pages 509-533, May.
    10. Zhuoran Shan & Hongfei Li & Haolan Pan & Man Yuan & Shen Xu, 2022. "Spatial Equity of PM 2.5 Pollution Exposures in High-Density Metropolitan Areas Based on Remote Sensing, LBS and GIS Data: A Case Study in Wuhan, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-22, October.
    11. Bhat, Gajanan & Bergstrom, John C., 1996. "Integration Of Geographical Information Systems Based Spatial Analysis In Recreation Demand Analysis," Faculty Series 16649, University of Georgia, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    12. James Gaboardi, 2020. "Validating Abstract Representations of Spatial Population Data while considering Disclosure Avoidance," Working Papers 20-5, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    13. Eric Coker & Robert Gunier & Asa Bradman & Kim Harley & Katherine Kogut & John Molitor & Brenda Eskenazi, 2017. "Association between Pesticide Profiles Used on Agricultural Fields near Maternal Residences during Pregnancy and IQ at Age 7 Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-20, May.
    14. Raoul S. Liévanos, 2018. "Retooling CalEnviroScreen: Cumulative Pollution Burden and Race-Based Environmental Health Vulnerabilities in California," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-26, April.
    15. Gerald A. Carlino & Robert H. DeFina & Keith Sill, 2005. "On the stability of employment growth: a postwar view from the U.S. states," Working Papers 04-21, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    16. Gerald Carlino & Satyajit Chatterjee & Robert Hunt, 2005. "Matching and Learning in Cities: Urban Density and the Rate of Invention," Levine's Bibliography 784828000000000160, UCLA Department of Economics.
    17. Daniel H. Weinberg & John M. Abowd & Robert F. Belli & Noel Cressie & David C. Folch & Scott H. Holan & Margaret C. Levenstein & Kristen M. Olson & Jerome P. Reiter & Matthew D. Shapiro & Jolene Smyth, 2017. "Effects of a Government-Academic Partnership: Has the NSF-Census Bureau Research Network Helped Improve the U.S. Statistical System?," Working Papers 17-59r, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    18. Panyi, Amadeo F. & Young, Alicia M. & Whitacre, Brian E., 2023. "Understanding The Relationship Between Eduction And Poverty In Mississippi: A Spatial Approach," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335871, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    19. Xingang Wang & Sholeh A. Maani, 2021. "Ethnic regional networks and immigrants' earnings: A spatial autoregressive network approach," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(1), pages 141-168, February.
    20. Ma, Liye & Sun, Baohong, 2020. "Machine learning and AI in marketing – Connecting computing power to human insights," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 481-504.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:7:p:2593-:d:343820. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.