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The efficiency of the art market: Evidence from variance ratio tests, linear and nonlinear fractional integration approaches

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  • Aye, Goodness C.
  • Gil-Alana, Luis A.
  • Gupta, Rangan
  • Wohar, Mark E.

Abstract

This paper investigates the weak-form efficiency hypothesis for the art market. We consider 15 art price indices namely: Contemporary, Drawings, France, Global index (Euro), Global index (USD), Modern art, Nineteenth century, Old Masters, Paintings, Photographies, Postwar, Prints, Sculptures, UK and US. We use quarterly data from 1998:1 to 2015: 1. We employ both standard and non-parametric single and joint variance ratio tests while accounting for small sample bias through the use of the wild bootstrapping. We show that the majority of the art markets are inefficient with the exception of the Old Masters that consistently prove efficient under both individual and joint variance ratio tests. To a lesser extent Contemporary, US and UK markets are also efficient. However, confronting the data with both linear and nonlinear long memory models as robustness check, we observe that Paints, Prints, Photographies, Nineteenth century, Modern Art, US, France and Drawings have unit roots and are therefore efficient. Others such as Post war Sculpture, and Contemporary have values of the fractional parameter d significantly different from 0 to 1 and they may be considered efficient as well in a number of cases. The US and Contemporary art markets appear to be efficient irrespective of the method used.

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  • Aye, Goodness C. & Gil-Alana, Luis A. & Gupta, Rangan & Wohar, Mark E., 2017. "The efficiency of the art market: Evidence from variance ratio tests, linear and nonlinear fractional integration approaches," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 283-294.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:51:y:2017:i:c:p:283-294
    DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2017.06.003
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    5. Wang, Fang, 2023. "Do emerging art market segments have their own price dynamics? Evidence from the Chinese art market," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 318-331.
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    7. Goodness C. Aye & Tsangyao Chang & Wen-Yi Chen & Rangan Gupta & Mark Wohar, 2016. "Testing the Efficiency of the Art Market using Quantile-Based Unit Root Tests with Sharp and Smooth Breaks," Working Papers 201625, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Art market; Market efficiency; Variance ratio tests; Random walk; Martingale; Non-parametric;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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