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Policy responses to COVID-19 pandemic waves: Cross-region and cross-sector economic impact

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  • Bonfiglio, Andrea
  • Coderoni, Silvia
  • Esposti, Roberto

Abstract

This paper proposes a modelling approach to assess the cross-region and cross-sector economic impacts of the restrictions imposed by governments to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. The nationwide lockdown imposed in Italy during the first wave of the pandemic is used as a benchmark. However, the adopted approach allows an ex-ante assessment of alternative policy responses, in the event of successive pandemic waves, in order to rationalise the policy intervention and reach the best possible compromise between containing the risk of contagion and reducing economic losses. The used approach consists of a non-linear programming model based on a multiregional Input-Output (I-O) table, which guarantees greater flexibility than traditional I-O analysis. It is applied to estimate both direct and indirect losses of GDP and employment produced by alternative policy responses represented by general and differentiated lockdowns. The evidence deriving from the Italian experience shows a sort of learning process through successive waves based on the introduction of increasingly flexible and tailored policy responses to the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Bonfiglio, Andrea & Coderoni, Silvia & Esposti, Roberto, 2022. "Policy responses to COVID-19 pandemic waves: Cross-region and cross-sector economic impact," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 252-279.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jpolmo:v:44:y:2022:i:2:p:252-279
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2022.03.009
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    Cited by:

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    3. Han, Yang, 2022. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on China's economic structure: An input–output approach," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 181-195.
    4. Francesco Scotti & Andrea Flori & Giovanni Bonaccorsi & Fabio Pammolli, 2023. "Do We Learn From Errors? The Economic Impact of Differentiated Policy Restrictions in Italy," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 46(5-6), pages 613-648, September.
    5. Ortuzar, Iban & Serrano, Ana & Xabadia, Àngels, 2023. "Macroeconomic impacts of water allocation under droughts. Accounting for global supply chains in a multiregional context," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    COVID-19 pandemic; Ex-ante policy response assessment; Multi-regional input–output tables; Constrained non-linear programming;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
    • C67 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Input-Output Models
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • R58 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Regional Development Planning and Policy

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