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Parental absence and student academic performance in cross-national perspective: Heterogeneous forms of family separation and the buffering possibilities of grandparents

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  • Liu, Ran
  • Hannum, Emily

Abstract

Many children around the world reside separately from one parent or both parents. Analyzing cross-national student performance and survey data, we investigate whether forms of family separation show distinctive associations with academic performance. Three findings emerge: 1) Students separated from both parents are most academically disadvantaged, while those living separately from mothers are usually more disadvantaged than those living without fathers. 2) In households with co-resident grandparents and in national contexts conducive to multi-generational or extended family co-residence, disadvantages associated with father-absent and dual-parent-absent households attenuate. 3) Academic disadvantages associated with parental absence attenuate as national emigration exceeds immigration.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Ran & Hannum, Emily, 2023. "Parental absence and student academic performance in cross-national perspective: Heterogeneous forms of family separation and the buffering possibilities of grandparents," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:103:y:2023:i:c:s0738059323001748
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102898
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