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Lost in the scenarios of negative emissions: The role of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)

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  • Lefvert, Adrian
  • Grönkvist, Stefan

Abstract

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) can be a useful and cost-effective climate change mitigation tool but it is reliant on economic incentives. With this policy perspective article we question the ongoing discussion about the use of biomass for BECCS with basis in three points: (1) under the enhanced transparency framework under the Paris agreement, all parties to the agreement will use the same guidelines to estimate emissions by sources and removals by sinks, in which the emissions and removals in connection to cultivation of biomass are accounted for in the land-use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector, (2) adding carbon capture to existing processes may lead to a shift in products from that process rather than an increase in biomass use, and (3) BECCS requires substantial financial incentives. With basis in these points, we argue that a certification framework for BECCS that contradicts the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) risks unnecessarily hindering deployment of a potentially cost-effective climate change mitigation tool.

Suggested Citation

  • Lefvert, Adrian & Grönkvist, Stefan, 2024. "Lost in the scenarios of negative emissions: The role of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:184:y:2024:i:c:s0301421523004676
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113882
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stefan Grönkvist & Kenneth Möllersten & Kim Pingoud, 2006. "Equal Opportunity for Biomass in Greenhouse Gas Accounting of CO 2 Capture and Storage: A Step Towards More Cost-Effective Climate Change Mitigation Regimes," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 11(5), pages 1083-1096, September.
    2. Kheshgi, Haroon S. & Prince, Roger C., 2005. "Sequestration of fermentation CO2 from ethanol production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(10), pages 1865-1871.
    3. Matteo Muratori & Nico Bauer & Steven K. Rose & Marshall Wise & Vassilis Daioglou & Yiyun Cui & Etsushi Kato & Matthew Gidden & Jessica Strefler & Shinichiro Fujimori & Ronald D. Sands & Detlef P. Vuu, 2020. "EMF-33 insights on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 163(3), pages 1621-1637, December.
    4. Detlef P. van Vuuren & Elke Stehfest & David E. H. J. Gernaat & Maarten Berg & David L. Bijl & Harmen Sytze Boer & Vassilis Daioglou & Jonathan C. Doelman & Oreane Y. Edelenbosch & Mathijs Harmsen & A, 2018. "Alternative pathways to the 1.5 °C target reduce the need for negative emission technologies," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 8(5), pages 391-397, May.
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