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Competitividad de la industria colombiana en los ochenta y evolución reciente

Author

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  • Juan Mauricio Ramírez

Abstract

“Una de las preguntas centrales en el análisis de los efectos de las reformas comerciales y estructurales en Colombia es la manera como pueden haber afectado la competitividad de la industria colombiana, los cambios que están teniendo lugar en nuestros patrones de competitividad, y las perspectivas hacia el futuro. La principal característica del ejercicio que se presenta en este artículo es la integración entre evolución comercial y evolución productiva para el análisis de la competitividad. Con este fin, los sectores industriales son agrupados de acuerdo con sus características tecnológicas definidas por la intensidad de capital físico y el uso relativo de trabajo calificado. El objetivo del análisis es localizar el desarrollo de ventajas competitivas con respecto a las características tecnológicas de los sectores y estudiar su evolución en los ochenta, así como sus cambios recientes. El análisis se desarrolla en las siguientes direcciones: en primer lugar se realiza un ejercicio basado en Leamer (1996) que relaciona la evolución de las variables comerciales con las características productivas de los sectores manufactureros. Posteriormente se analizan los determinantes econométricos de los cambios en competitividad de los sectores industriales entre 1978 y 1989, enfatizando el rol de la tasa de cambio real, los cambios en utilización de capacidad y el crecimiento de la productividad. Finalmente, se analiza la evolución de la competitividad de la industria manufacturera colombiana en la década de los noventa con base en un indicador de balanza comercial relativa. La última sección contiene las principales conclusiones del estudio.”

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Mauricio Ramírez, 1997. "Competitividad de la industria colombiana en los ochenta y evolución reciente," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:013523
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/2168
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Edward E. Leamer, 1994. "Trade, Wages and Revolving Door Ideas," NBER Working Papers 4716, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Juan José Echavarría, 1990. "Cambio técnico, inversión y reestructuración industrial en Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 20(2), pages 103-126, June.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Competitividad; Competitividad Industrial; Reforma Estructural; Industria; Producción Industrial; Cambio Tecnológico; Balanza Comercial; Desarrollo Industrial; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
    • L52 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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