Microempresas En Comunidades Rurales Y Marginadas

In 2018, for rural communities and their microenterprises in the municipalities of Mapimí and San Pedro del Gallo of the state of Durango, with more than 50 and less than 2,500 inhabitants, this research was carried out, for which the main tool was used The same survey was applied to a sample of microentrepreneurs from said communities and supplemented with secondary information. The municipal classification given by CONAPO (2016) was compared against the marginalization data found through the survey. We also identified the variables that most affect or impact micro-enterprises by implementing or improving those already implemented. According to CONAPO, (2016), marginalization is low for both the municipality of San Pedro del Gallo and the municipality of Mapimí. However, in 2018, inconsistencies with this classification were found, mainly related to serious difficulties in pursuing secondary education, high school and accessing health services. Since micro-enterprises improve the living conditions of their inhabitants, although those surveyed, due to the size in number of employees, the number of micro-enterprises per community, to generate only self-employment and to operate at the family level, it is difficult to improve the conditions of lifetime. Deficiencies were also found in operating microenterprises such as: low or zero cost, income and utility or loss estimates; low schooling and low experience of their owners and no organization. For both municipalities, the most important variables, in order of importance, to implement and / or expand-improve micro-enterprises are: training in (accounting, credit sales management, association to buy, access to credit, promotion and others) alone or mixed with experience, availability of credit, initiative, family tradition and possession of assets.