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30 Jahre Wiedervereinigung: Mehr Mut zur Vielfalt

Author

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  • Feld, Lars P.
  • Fuest, Clemens
  • Haucap, Justus
  • Schweitzer, Heike
  • Wieland, Volker
  • Wigger, Berthold U.

Abstract

Seit der deutschen Wiedervereinigung vor 30 Jahren sind für den sogenannten Aufbau Ost nach Schätzungen mehr als zwei Billionen Euro aufgewendet worden. Dennoch unterscheidet sich der Osten Deutschlands in vielen Merkmalen noch immer vom Westen. Regionale ökonomische Unterschiede als Beleg für eine unvollkommene Deutsche Einheit zu werten, wäre jedoch verfehlt. Die Forderung nach einer nahezu vollständigen Angleichung des Ostens an den Westen offenbart nicht nur ein grundlegendes Unverständnis des Föderalismus. Auch aus historischer Perspektive lässt sie sich nur schwer motivieren. Der Kronberger Kreis, wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Stiftung Marktwirtschaft, sieht in dem Ziel einer nahezu vollständigen Angleichung des Ostens an den Westen eine Überdehnung der im Grundgesetz geforderten Gleichwertigkeit oder Einheitlichkeit der Lebensverhältnisse im Bundesgebiet. Es kann nicht Auftrag der Politik sein, jedweden ökonomischen Unterschied zwischen Regionen glattzubügeln. Vielmehr sollte es Aufgabe der Politik sein, in allen Teilen Deutschlands Voraussetzungen für eine grundständige staatliche Daseinsfürsorge zu schaffen, sodass die Regionen für die Bürger vor Ort gleichermaßen lebenswert erscheinen sowie Chancen- und Leistungsgerechtigkeit ermöglichen. Der Kronberger Kreis fordert, die unfruchtbare Diskussion um eine Angleichung des Ostens an den Westen zu beenden und sich stattdessen auf die Prinzipien des Föderalismus zu besinnen. Regionale ökonomische Unterschiede sollten nicht als Problem wahrgenommen werden, sondern als Teil einer gewachsenen regionalen Vielfalt. Statt Unterschiede einzuebnen, sollte der regionale Wettbewerb gefördert werden. Damit sie ihre spezifischen regionalen Standortvorteile stärker zur Geltung bringen können, sollten die Regionen mehr regulatorische Kompetenzen erhalten.

Suggested Citation

  • Feld, Lars P. & Fuest, Clemens & Haucap, Justus & Schweitzer, Heike & Wieland, Volker & Wigger, Berthold U., 2020. "30 Jahre Wiedervereinigung: Mehr Mut zur Vielfalt," Argumente zur Marktwirtschaft und Politik 153, Stiftung Marktwirtschaft / The Market Economy Foundation, Berlin.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:smwarg:153
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sascha O. Becker & Lukas Mergele & Ludger Woessmann, 2020. "The Separation and Reunification of Germany: Rethinking a Natural Experiment Interpretation of the Enduring Effects of Communism," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 34(2), pages 143-171, Spring.
    2. Clemens Fuest & Lea Immel, 2019. "Ein zunehmend gespaltenes Land? – Regionale Einkommensunterschiede und die Entwicklung des Gefälles zwischen Stadt und Land sowie West- und Ostdeutschland," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 72(16), pages 19-28, August.
    3. Joachim Ragnitz, 2019. "Thirty Years after the Berlin Wall Came Down: Economic Transition Completed, but Structural Deficit Remains," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 17(03), pages 22-27, October.
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    Keywords

    Chancengerechtigkeit; Deutsche Wiedervereinigung; Föderalismus;
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