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Productivity Effects of Air Pollution: Evidence from Professional Soccer

Author

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  • Lichter, Andreas

    (Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf)

  • Pestel, Nico

    (Maastricht University)

  • Sommer, Eric

    (AXA AG)

Abstract

In this paper, we estimate the causal effect of ambient air pollution on individuals' productivity by using panel data on the universe of professional soccer players in Germany over the period 1999-2011. Combining this data with hourly information on the concentration of particulate matter in spatial proximity to each stadium at the time of kickoff, we exploit exogenous variation in the players' exposure to air pollution due to match scheduling rules that are beyond the control of teams and players. Our analysis shows negative and non-linear effects of air pollution on short-run productivity. We further find that the effect increases with age and is stronger in case players face an additional physical burden.

Suggested Citation

  • Lichter, Andreas & Pestel, Nico & Sommer, Eric, 2015. "Productivity Effects of Air Pollution: Evidence from Professional Soccer," IZA Discussion Papers 8964, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp8964
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    soccer; productivity; air pollution; sports data; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling

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