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Cost Drivers of Operation Charges and Variation over Time: An Analysis Based on Semiparametric SUR Models

Author

Listed:
  • Wolfgang A. Brunauer
  • Sebastian Keiler
  • Stefan Lang

Abstract

Although building operating charges have turned out to be a major determinant of profitability for real estate investments, there is a noticeable lack of reports or studies that analyze these costs with state-of-the-art statistical techniques. Specifically, past studies usually assume linear relationships between costs and building attributes, they do not control for cluster-specific or longitudinal effects and do not account for the simultaneous structure of cost categories. Therefore, in this study we provide a novel approach to real estate cost benchmarking: We analyze the effects of building attributes on electricity, heating and maintenance costs for office buildings in Germany in a multivariate structured additive regression (STAR) model simultaneously, modeling potentially nonlinear effects as P(enalized)-Splines and controlling for cluster-specific and individual heterogeneity in a three-way random effects structure. This way, we gain insights into how building attributes influence costs, and how cost levels vary across cities, companies and buildings. We furthermore derive quality-adjusted time indices for the two major German submarkets, the former German Democratic Republic and the old West German states. The results obtained can be used to derive portfolio allocation strategies and for planning, constructing, operating and redeveloping real estate.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolfgang A. Brunauer & Sebastian Keiler & Stefan Lang, 2010. "Cost Drivers of Operation Charges and Variation over Time: An Analysis Based on Semiparametric SUR Models," Working Papers 2010-10, Faculty of Economics and Statistics, Universität Innsbruck.
    • Handle: RePEc:inn:wpaper:2010-10
    as

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    File URL: https://www2.uibk.ac.at/downloads/c4041030/wpaper/2010-10.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stefan Lang & Samson B. Adebayo & Ludwig Fahrmeir & Winfried J. Steiner, 2003. "Bayesian Geoadditive Seemingly Unrelated Regression," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 263-292, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Benchmarking; operating charges; P-Splines; random effects; seemingly unrelated regression; structured additive regression;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • C11 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Bayesian Analysis: General

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