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Illusion of Gender Parity in Education: Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Sijia Xu

    (East China University of Science and Technology)

  • Abu S. Shonchoy

    (Department of Economics, Florida International University)

  • Tomoki Fujii

    (Singapore Management University)

Abstract

Gender parity in education—an important global development goal—is often measured through school enrollment. However, this can be misleading as girls may lag behind boys in other measures. We investigate this with Bangladeshi survey data by decomposing households' education decisions into enrollment, education expenditure, and its share for the quality of education. We ï¬ nd a strong profemale bias in enrollment but promale bias in the other two decisions. This contradirectional gender bias is partly explained by conditional cash transfer programs, which promoted girls' secondary school enrollment but did not narrow the gaps in the intrahousehold allocation of education resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Sijia Xu & Abu S. Shonchoy & Tomoki Fujii, 2020. "Illusion of Gender Parity in Education: Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in Bangladesh," Working Papers 2012, Florida International University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:fiu:wpaper:2012
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Esther Duflo, 2001. "Schooling and Labor Market Consequences of School Construction in Indonesia: Evidence from an Unusual Policy Experiment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(4), pages 795-813, September.
    2. Heath, Rachel & Mushfiq Mobarak, A., 2015. "Manufacturing growth and the lives of Bangladeshi women," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 1-15.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Xu, Sijia & Shonchoy, Abu S. & Fujii, Tomoki, 2022. "Assessing gender parity in intrahousehold allocation of educational resources: Evidence from Bangladesh," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    2. Bari, MD. Abdul & Khan, Ghulam Dastgir & Katayanagi, Mari & Yoshida, Yuichiro, 2024. "Gender dynamics of the impact of cash transfer on female educational expenditure of informal settlements in Bangladesh," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    education parity; conditional cash transfer; gender; Bangladesh;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D15 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Intertemporal Household Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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