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Global Demand for Basket-Backed Stablecoins

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Abstract

We develop a model where persistent trade shocks create demand for a basket- backed stablecoin, such as Mark Carney's "synthetic hegemonic currency" or Facebook's recent proposal for Libra. In numerical simulations, we find four main results. First, because of general equilibrium effects of the basket currency on the volatility of currency values, overall demand for that currency is small. Second, despite scant holdings of the basket, its global reach may contribute to substantial increases in welfare if the basket is widely accepted, allowing it to complement holdings of sovereign currencies. Third, we calculate the welfare maximizing composition of the basket, finding that optimal weights depend on the pattern of international acceptance, but that basket composition does not significantly affect welfare. Fourth, despite potential welfare improvements, low demand for the basket currency from buyers limits sellers' incentives to invest in accepting it, suggesting that fears of a so-called global stablecoin replacing domestic sovereign currencies may be overstated.

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  • Garth Baughman & Jean Flemming, 2020. "Global Demand for Basket-Backed Stablecoins," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2020-048, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2020-48
    DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2020.048
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    1. Fernández Francisco Javier Jorcano & Fernández Miguel Ángel Echarte & Alonso Sergio Luis Náñez, 2024. "The asset-backing risk of stablecoin trading: The case of Tether," Economics and Business Review, Sciendo, vol. 10(1), pages 57-80, April.
    2. Borgonovo, Emanuele & Caselli, Stefano & Cillo, Alessandra & Masciandaro, Donato & Rabitti, Giovanni, 2021. "Money, privacy, anonymity: What do experiments tell us?," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    3. Daisuke Ikeda, 2020. "Digital Money as a Unit of Account and Monetary Policy in Open Economies," IMES Discussion Paper Series 20-E-15, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan.

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    Keywords

    Stablecoins; Money demand; Digital currencies; International monetary system;
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