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Assignment reversals: trade, skill allocation and wage inequality

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  • Sampson, Thomas

Abstract

The allocation of skilled labor across industries shapes inter-industry wage differences and wage inequality. This paper shows the ranking of industries by workforce skill differs between developed and developing countries and develops a multi-sector assignment model to understand the causes and consequences of this fact. Heterogeneous agents leverage their ability through their span of control over an homogeneous input. In equilibrium, higher skill agents sort into sectors where the cost per efficiency unit of input is lower. Consequently, skill allocation is endogenous to country-sector specific variation in input productivity and costs and when the ranking of sectors by effective input costs differs across countries there is an assignment reversal. Assignment reversals between North and South have novel implications for how trade affects wages because they imply the Stolper-Samuelson theorem does not hold. Instead, each country has a comparative advantage in its high skill sector and output trade integration causes the relative wage of high skill workers, and wage inequality within the high skill sector, to increase in both countries

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  • Sampson, Thomas, 2016. "Assignment reversals: trade, skill allocation and wage inequality," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 65429, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:65429
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    Cited by:

    1. Guo, Baoping, 2015. "Leontief Paradox Explored A New Trade Pattern When Countries Have Different Technologies," MPRA Paper 96929, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Nov 2019.
    2. Thomas Sampson, 2014. "Selection into Trade and Wage Inequality," American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 6(3), pages 157-202, August.
    3. Thomas Sampson, 2023. "Technology Gaps, Trade, and Income," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(2), pages 472-513, February.
    4. Baoping Guo, 2024. "Leontief Paradox vs. Leontief Trade and Localized Factor Prices vs. Localized Trade Patterns," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 30(1), pages 83-105, February.
    5. Anwar S Adem, 2024. "Distributional effect of import shocks on British local labour markets," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 76(2), pages 412-432.
    6. Byron Quito & María de la Cruz del Río-Rama & Marta Peris-Ortiz & José Álvarez-García, 2024. "Spatial-Temporal Determinants of Income Inequality in the Cantons of Ecuador between 2010 and 2019: a Spatial Panel Econometric Analysis," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(2), pages 7744-7768, June.
    7. Yuki, Kazuhiro, 2012. "Mechanization, task assignment, and inequality," MPRA Paper 37754, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Guo, Baoping, 2015. "Heckscher-Ohlin Trade, Leontief Trade, and Factor Conversion Trade When Countries Have Different Technologies," MPRA Paper 95161, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Jul 2019.
    9. Canh Phuc Nguyen & Thanh Dinh Su, 2022. "Export Dynamics and Income Inequality: New Evidence on Export Quality," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 163(3), pages 1063-1113, October.
    10. Kozo Kiyota & Yoshinori Kurokawa, 2022. "Factor intensity reversals redux: Feenstra is right!," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 885-914, September.
    11. Le, Thai-Ha & Nguyen, Canh Phuc & Su, Thanh Dinh & Tran-Nam, Binh, 2020. "The Kuznets curve for export diversification and income inequality: Evidence from a global sample," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 21-39.
    12. Nguyen Phuc Canh & Su Dinh Thanh, 2022. "The Dynamics of Export Diversification, Economic Complexity and Economic Growth Cycles: Global Evidence," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 57(3), pages 234-260, August.
    13. KIYOTA Kozo & KUROKAWA Yoshinori, 2017. "Factor Intensity Reversals Redux," Discussion papers 17021, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    14. Asuyama, Yoko, 2012. "Skill Distribution and Comparative Advantage: A Comparison of China and India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 956-969.
    15. Asuyama, Yoko, 2011. "Skill sorting, inter-industry skill wage premium, and production chains: evidence from India 1999-2000," IDE Discussion Papers 278, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).

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    JEL classification:

    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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