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El Rol de las Habilidades y las Tareas en las Brechas de Género en América Latina

Author

Listed:
  • Cristian Bonavida

    (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP)

  • Leonardo Gasparini

    (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP & CONICET)

Abstract

En este trabajo exploramos las brechas de género en el mercado laboral en América Latina, incorporando dos factores relevantes muchas veces ignorados: las habilidades y el tipo de tarea en el trabajo. El estudio está basado en datos de la encuesta de Evaluación de Competencia en Adultos (PIAAC) de 2018, para cuatro países de América Latina. Entre los resultados del trabajo, destacamos cuatro. (1) Existen significativas brechas de género en habilidades cognitivas, que persisten y se amplifican en la edad de participación en el mercado laboral, en particular en el campo numérico. (2) Existen marcadas brechas de género en la intensidad de tareas abstractas en el empleo, que en parte están asociadas a las brechas en habilidades cognitivas. Sin embargo, las brechas en habilidades no explican totalmente la segmentación por género en el tipo de tareas, aun dentro de una misma ocupación. (3) Incluir habilidades y tareas contribuye a explicar (alrededor de 15%) las brechas salariales de género, que igualmente persisten de forma significativa. (4) Dadas las tareas que realizan en la actualidad hombres y mujeres, existe una brecha de género en el grado de amenaza al empleo derivado de las crecientes perspectivas de automatización.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristian Bonavida & Leonardo Gasparini, 2024. "El Rol de las Habilidades y las Tareas en las Brechas de Género en América Latina," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0330, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    • Handle: RePEc:dls:wpaper:0330
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy
    • K31 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Labor Law

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