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Overeducation, skills and wage penalty: Evidence for Spain using PIAAC data

In: Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 10

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  • Sandra Nieto

    (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya)

Abstract

The literature on educational mismatches finds that overeducated workers suffer a wage penalty compared with properly educated workers with the same level of education. Recent literature also suggests that individuals’ skill heterogeneity could explain wage differences between overeducated and properly matched workers. The hypothesis is that overeducated workers earn less due to their lower competences and skills in relative terms. However, that hypothesis has been rarely tested due to data limitations on individuals’ skills. The aim of this paper is to test the individuals’ skill heterogeneity theory in Spain using microdata from PIAAC, because it is one of the developed countries supporting the highest overeducation rates and where its adult population holds the lowest level of skills among a set of developed countries. Our hypothesis is that the wage penalty of overeducation in Spain is explained by the lower skill level of overeducated workers. The obtained evidence confirms this hypothesis but only to a certain extent as skills only explain partially the wage penalty of overeducation.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandra Nieto, 2015. "Overeducation, skills and wage penalty: Evidence for Spain using PIAAC data," Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación volume 10, in: Marta Rahona López & Jennifer Graves (ed.), Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 10, edition 1, volume 10, chapter 30, pages 597-616, Asociación de Economía de la Educación.
    • Handle: RePEc:aec:ieed10:10-30
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    2. Álvarez de Toledo, Pablo & Núñez, Fernando & Usabiaga, Carlos, 2020. "Matching in segmented labor markets: An analytical proposal based on high-dimensional contingency tables," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 175-186.
    3. Mariana Olga De Santis & María Cecilia Gáname & Pedro Esteban Moncarz, 2022. "The Impact of Overeducation on Wages of Recent Economic Sciences Graduates," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 163(1), pages 409-445, August.
    4. Inés P. Murillo Huertas & José L. Raymond, 2024. "Education, educational mismatch and occupational status: an analysis using PIAAC data," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 41(3), pages 717-738, October.
    5. Joaquin Turmo-Garuz & M.-Teresa Bartual-Figueras & Francisco-Javier Sierra-Martinez, 2019. "Factors Associated with Overeducation Among Recent Graduates During Labour Market Integration: The Case of Catalonia (Spain)," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 144(3), pages 1273-1301, August.
    6. Hanol Lee & Jong‐Wha Lee & Eunbi Song, 2016. "Effects of Educational Mistmatch on Wages in the Korean Labor Market," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 30(4), pages 375-400, December.
    7. Mysíková Martina, 2016. "Educational mismatch in the Czech Labour Market," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 16(2), pages 103-120, June.
    8. V. Jacobs & F. Rycx & M. Volral, 2022. "Wage Effects of Educational Mismatch According to Workers’ Origin: The Role of Demographics and Firm Characteristics," De Economist, Springer, vol. 170(4), pages 459-501, November.
    9. Maite Bl'azquez Cuesta & Marco A. P'erez Navarro & Roc'io S'anchez-Mangas, 2024. "Overeducation under different macroeconomic conditions: The case of Spanish university graduates," Papers 2407.04437, arXiv.org.
    10. Jésus Fernández-Villaverde & Carlos Sanz & Jesús Fernández-Villaverde, 2024. "Classical Right, New Right, and Voting Behavior: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment," CESifo Working Paper Series 11179, CESifo.
    11. Giuseppe Lucio Gaeta & Giuseppe Lubrano Lavadera & Francesco Pastore, 2022. "The Effect of Job–Education Vertical Mismatch on Wages Among Recent PhD Graduates: Evidence From an Instrumental Variable Analysis," Italian Economic Journal: A Continuation of Rivista Italiana degli Economisti and Giornale degli Economisti, Springer;Società Italiana degli Economisti (Italian Economic Association), vol. 8(1), pages 197-225, March.
    12. Francesc Obiols-Homs & Virginia Sánchez-Marcos, 2015. "Education, Occupation-Mismatch and Unemployment," Working Papers 807, Barcelona School of Economics.
    13. Jones, Melanie K. & Kaya, Ezgi & Nan, Jiarui, 2024. "Overeducation, Earnings and Job Satisfaction among Graduates in China," IZA Discussion Papers 17161, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Valentine Jacobs, 2021. "Wage Effects of Educational Mismatch According to Workers’ Origin: The Role of Demographics and Firm Characteristics," DULBEA Working Papers 23562, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    15. Ghulam Mustafa, 2023. "Is the Decision to Obtain Higher Education in Pakistan Worth Repaying? New Evidence from Returns on Education for Paid-Employees," PIDE-Working Papers 2023:6, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    16. Fakih, Ali & Lizzaik, Zeina, 2024. "The Incidence and Wage Penalty of Overqualification: The Case of Egypt," IZA Discussion Papers 17247, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Rosario Scandurra & Marco Alberio, 2021. "A Classification of Factors Affecting Adults’ Skills Distribution," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, May.
    18. Maqbool H. Sial & Ghulam Sarwar & Mubashra Saeed, 2019. "Surplus Education and Earnings Differentials in Pakistan: A Quantile Regression Analysis," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 24(2), pages 93-114, July-Dec.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    overeducation; individual’s skill heterogeneity; wages.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General

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