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De-Industrialisierung in Wien(?) Zur abnehmenden Bedeutung der Sachgütererzeugung für das Wiener Beschäftigungssystem: Umfang, Gründe, Wirkungsmechanismen

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  • Peter Mayerhofer

Abstract

Die Bedeutung der Sachgütererzeugung für Wiens Beschäftigungsentwicklung verringert sich mittelfristig deutlich: Zwischen 1995 und 2006 gingen in der Wiener Industrie fast 42.000 Arbeitsplätze verloren, um fast 30.000 mehr, als dies bei einer Entwicklung aller Industriebranchen wie im Österreich-Durchschnitt der Fall gewesen wäre. Die Studie analysiert Umfang und Bestimmungsgründe dieser De-Industrialisierung im Detail. Demnach ist die De-Industrialisierung der Wiener Beschäftigungsstruktur ein mehrdimensionales Phänomen, in dem makroökonomische Mechanismen, aber auch räumliche und organisatorische Faktoren sowie Aspekte der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zusammenwirken. Arbeitssparender technischer Fortschritt wie auch nachfrageseitige Faktoren aufgrund des hohen ökonomischen Entwicklungsniveaus, Abwanderung der Industrie aus der Kernstadt, die Ausgliederung von dispositiven Funktionen in eigenständige Dienstleistungsunternehmen sowie ein vergleichsweise hoher Zukauf von Vorleistungen aus dem Ausland bilden wesentliche Erklärungsfaktoren für die ungünstige Entwicklung der Beschäftigung in der Wiener Industrie. Dazu kommen verbliebene Schwächen der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, deren Beseitigung über Ansätze einer "modernen" Industriepolitik im Mittelpunkt der wirtschaftspolitischen Schlussfolgerungen stehen.

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  • Peter Mayerhofer, 2007. "De-Industrialisierung in Wien(?) Zur abnehmenden Bedeutung der Sachgütererzeugung für das Wiener Beschäftigungssystem: Umfang, Gründe, Wirkungsmechanismen," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 33120.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:33120
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