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Why ‘Buy American’ is a bad idea but politicians still like it

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  • Mario Larch
  • Wolfgang Lechthaler

Abstract

When the world economy was recently hit by a severe recession, governments all over the world reacted by initiating stimulus packages. Some countries (among them, most notably, China and the US) tried to put special emphasis on their home industries by including ‘Buy National’ clauses into the stimulus package. By analyzing the dynamics of transitory changes of trade barriers as a short‐run response to an economic downturn, we show that beggar‐thy‐neighbour policies do not work. We then come up with two rationales that help us understand why countries nevertheless consider protectionism to be a good response to a recession: (i) the lobbying of domestic, non‐exporting firms, and (ii) the relationship between vulnerability, the degree of openness and loss aversion of consumers. Quand l’économie mondiale a été récemment frappée par une grave récession, les gouvernements partout dans le monde ont réagi en mettant en place des ensembles de politiques de stimulation. Certains pays (parmi eux, plus particulièrement, la Chine et les Etats‐Unis) ont tenté de mettre l’emphase sur les industries domestiques en incluant des clauses ≪Achat national≫ dans leurs politiques de stimulation. En analysant la dynamique des changements transitoires dans les barrières commerciales en tant que réponse à court terme à un déclin du niveau d’activitééconomique, on montre que ces politiques protectionnistes ne donnent pas de résultats. On suggère deux rationalisations qui aident à comprendre pourquoi, malgré tout, les pays considèrent le protectionnisme comme une bonne réponse à la récession: (i) le lobbying des entreprises domestiques qui n’exportent pas, et (ii) la relation entre la vulnérabilité, le degré d’ouverture de l’économie, et l’aversion aux pertes des consommateurs.

Suggested Citation

  • Mario Larch & Wolfgang Lechthaler, 2011. "Why ‘Buy American’ is a bad idea but politicians still like it," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(3), pages 838-858, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:44:y:2011:i:3:p:838-858
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2011.01657.x
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    1. Larch, Mario & Lechthaler, Wolfgang, 2011. "Is there a short-run case for protectionism? Trade policy and the business cycle," Kiel Working Papers 1717, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    2. Замулин О.А. & Платонов К.Е., 2015. "Протекционизм Как Противоциклическая Политика," Журнал Экономика и математические методы (ЭММ), Центральный Экономико-Математический Институт (ЦЭМИ), vol. 51(3), pages 3-18, июль.
    3. David R. DeRemer, 2015. "Opportunities for Cooperation in Removing Prohibitive Trade Barriers," CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS 1533, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    4. Larch, Mario & Lechthaler, Wolfgang, 2013. "Buy National or Buy International? The optimal design of government spending in an open economy," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 87-108.
    5. Lechthaler, Wolfgang, 2016. "Protectionism in a liquidity trap," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 165-167.
    6. Larch, Mario & Lechthaler, Wolfgang, 2016. "Buy National And The Business Cycle," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(5), pages 1196-1218, July.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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