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Exogenous and Endogenous Growth Models: a Critical Review

Author

Listed:
  • Chirwa Themba G.

    (Ph.D., Department of Economics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa, email: themba.chirwa@mca-m.gov.mw)

  • Odhiambo Nicholas M.

    (Professor, Department of Economics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa, email: odhianm@unisa.ac.za)

Abstract

The main divisions of the theoretical economic growth literature that we study today include exogenous and endogenous growth models that have transitioned through a number of notions and criticisms. Proponents of exogenous growth models argue that technological progress is the key determinant of long-run economic growth as well as international productivity differences. Within the endogenous growth models, there are two notions that are propagated. The first postulates that capital used for innovative purposes can exhibit increasing returns to scale and thus account for the international productivity differences we observe today. The key determinants include knowledge, human capital, and research and development. The second argues that factors that affect the efficiency of capital, and hence cause capital flight, can also explain international productivity differences. These factors that affect the efficiency of capital include government spending, inflation, real exchange rates, and real interest rates. Our study results reveal that there is still no agreement on the dominant theoretical economic growth model amongst economists that can fully account for international productivity differences. We conclude that the future of theoretical economic growth is far from over and more work needs to be done to develop more practical structural economic growth models.

Suggested Citation

  • Chirwa Themba G. & Odhiambo Nicholas M., 2018. "Exogenous and Endogenous Growth Models: a Critical Review," Comparative Economic Research, Sciendo, vol. 21(4), pages 63-84, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:coecre:v:21:y:2018:i:4:p:63-84:n:4
    DOI: 10.2478/cer-2018-0027
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    Cited by:

    1. US Thathsarani & Jianguo Wei & GRSRC Samaraweera, 2021. "Financial Inclusion’s Role in Economic Growth and Human Capital in South Asia: An Econometric Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Paitoon Kraipornsak, 2020. "The Different Structure of Sources of Growth between the Developed and the Developing Asia and the Pacific Countries," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(1), pages 22-34, January.
    3. Katarzyna A. Kurek & Johan van Ophem & Jacek Strojny, 2024. "Arguments for a Community-Based Approach to Geothermal Energy Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-23, May.
    4. Xuefeng Ma & Liang Cheng & Yahui Li & Minjuan Zhao, 2024. "Digital Literacy and the Livelihood Resilience of Livestock Farmers: Empirical Evidence from the Old Revolutionary Base Areas in Northwest China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-25, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    economic growth; exogenous growth models; endogenous growth models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B22 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Macroeconomics
    • E13 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Neoclassical
    • N10 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - General, International, or Comparative
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General

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