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Counterparty Risk and the Establishment of the New York Stock Exchange Clearinghouse

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  • Asaf Bernstein
  • Eric Hughson
  • Marc Weidenmier

Abstract

We examine the effect of the establishment of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) clearinghouse in 1892 on counterparty risk using a novel historical experiment. During this period, the NYSE stocks were dual-listed on the Consolidated Stock Exchange (CSE), which already had a clearinghouse. Using identical securities on the CSE as a control, we find that the introduction of multilateral net settlement through a clearinghouse substantially reduced volatility of NYSE returns caused by settlement risk and increased asset values. Our results indicate that a clearinghouse can improve market stability and value through a reduction in network contagion and counterparty risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Asaf Bernstein & Eric Hughson & Marc Weidenmier, 2019. "Counterparty Risk and the Establishment of the New York Stock Exchange Clearinghouse," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 127(2), pages 689-729.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jpolec:doi:10.1086/701033
    DOI: 10.1086/701033
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    Cited by:

    1. Monnet, Eric & Velde, François R., 2020. "Money, Banking, and Old-School Historical Economics," CEPR Discussion Papers 15348, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Larcker, David F. & Watts, Edward M., 2020. "Where's the greenium?," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(2).
    3. Hattori, Takahiro, 2023. "The premium and settlement of CCPs during the financial crisis: Evidence from the JGB market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    4. Jessie Jiaxu Wang & Agostino Capponi & Hongzhong Zhang, 2022. "A Theory of Collateral Requirements for Central Counterparties," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(9), pages 6993-7017, September.
    5. Christian Kubitza & Loriana Pelizzon & Mila Getmansky Sherman, 2024. "Loss Sharing in Central Clearinghouses: Winners and Losers," The Review of Asset Pricing Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 14(2), pages 237-273.
    6. Gram, Dennis & Karapanagiotis, Pantelis & Krzyzanowski, Jan & Liebald, Marius & Walz, Uwe, 2021. "An extensible model for historical financial data with an application to German company and stock market data," SAFE Working Paper Series 300, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    7. Ari Kutai & Daniel Nathan & Milena Wittwer, 2024. "Exchanges for government bonds? Evidence during COVID-19," Bank of Israel Working Papers 2024.03, Bank of Israel.
    8. Vuillemey, Guillaume, 2023. "Mitigating fire sales with a central clearing counterparty," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    9. Jean-Baptiste Bonnier, 2024. "A Split-Treatment Design," Working Papers 2024-11, CRESE.

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