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The Four-Equation New Keynesian Model

Author

Listed:
  • Eric Sims
  • Jing Cynthia Wu

    (Notre Dame and NBER)

  • Ji Zhang

    (Tsinghua PBCSF)

Abstract

This paper develops a New Keynesian model featuring financial intermediation, short- and long-term bonds, credit shocks, and scope for unconventional monetary policy. The log-linearized model reduces to four equations: Phillips and IS curves, as well as policy rules for the short-term interest rate and the central bank's long-bond portfolio (QE). Credit shocks and QE appear in both the IS and Phillips curves. In equilibrium, optimal monetary policy entails adjusting the short-term interest rate to offset natural rate shocks but using QE to offset credit market disruptions. Use of QE significantly mitigates the costs of a binding zero lower bound.

Suggested Citation

  • Eric Sims & Jing Cynthia Wu & Ji Zhang, 2023. "The Four-Equation New Keynesian Model," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 105(4), pages 931-947, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:tpr:restat:v:105:y:2023:i:4:p:931-947
    DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01071
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sarah Mouabbi & Jean‐Guillaume Sahuc, 2019. "Evaluating the Macroeconomic Effects of the ECB's Unconventional Monetary Policies," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 51(4), pages 831-858, June.
    2. Sargent, Thomas J & Wallace, Neil, 1975. ""Rational" Expectations, the Optimal Monetary Instrument, and the Optimal Money Supply Rule," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 83(2), pages 241-254, April.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jing Cynthia Wu & Yinxi Xie & Ji Zhang, 2024. "The Role of International Financial Integration in Monetary Policy Transmission," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 72(3), pages 944-990, September.
    2. Robin Greenwood & Samuel Hanson & Dimitri Vayanos, 2023. "Supply and Demand and the Term Structure of Interest Rates," NBER Working Papers 31879, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Roulleau-Pasdeloup, Jordan, 2023. "Analyzing Linear DSGE models: the Method of Undetermined Markov States," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    4. Karadi, Peter & Nakov, Anton, 2021. "Effectiveness and addictiveness of quantitative easing," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 1096-1117.
    5. Bailey, Andrew & Bridges, Jonathan & Harrison, Richard & Jones, Josh & Mankodi, Aakash, 2020. "The central bank balance sheet as a policy tool: past, present and future," Bank of England working papers 899, Bank of England.
    6. Bletzinger, Tilman & von Thadden, Leopold, 2021. "Designing QE in a fiscally sound monetary union," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    7. Garriga, Carlos & Kydland, Finn E. & Šustek, Roman, 2021. "MoNK: Mortgages in a New-Keynesian model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    8. Philippe Goulet Coulombe, 2022. "A Neural Phillips Curve and a Deep Output Gap," Working Papers 22-01, Chair in macroeconomics and forecasting, University of Quebec in Montreal's School of Management.
    9. Böhl, Gregor & Lieberknecht, Philipp, 2021. "The hockey stick Phillips curve and the effective lower bound," Discussion Papers 55/2021, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    10. Jing Cynthia Wu & Fan Dora Xia, 2020. "Negative interest rate policy and the yield curve," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(6), pages 653-672, September.
    11. Eric R. Sims & Jing Cynthia Wu, 2020. "Wall Street vs. Main Street QE," NBER Working Papers 27295, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Joshua Brault & Hashmat Khan & Louis Phaneuf & Jean Gardy Victor, 2021. "Did the Fed Remain at the ZLB Long Enough? Lessons from the 2008-2019 Period," Working Papers 21-09, Chair in macroeconomics and forecasting, University of Quebec in Montreal's School of Management.
    13. Cantore, Cristiano & Freund, Lukas B., 2021. "Workers, capitalists, and the government: fiscal policy and income (re)distribution," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 58-74.
    14. Boehl, Gregor, 2022. "Monetary policy and speculative asset markets," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    15. Tarron Khemraj & Sherry Yu, 2023. "Inflation Dynamics and Quantitative Easing," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 49(4), pages 613-638, October.
    16. Ani Asoyan & Vahagn Davtyan & Haykaz Igityan & Hasmik Kartashyan & Hovhannes Manukyan, 2020. "Modelling the Effects of a Health Shock on the Armenian Economy," Russian Journal of Money and Finance, Bank of Russia, vol. 79(4), pages 18-44, December.
    17. Cantore, Cristiano & Meichtry, Pascal, 2023. "Unwinding quantitative easing: state dependency and household heterogeneity," Bank of England working papers 1030, Bank of England.
    18. von Campe, Roland, 2024. "Unconventional monetary policy, financial frictions, and the equity tandem," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    19. Donato Masciandaro & Romano Vincenzo Tarsia, 2021. "Society, Politicians, Climate Change and Central Banks: An Index of Green Activism," BAFFI CAREFIN Working Papers 21167, BAFFI CAREFIN, Centre for Applied Research on International Markets Banking Finance and Regulation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy.
    20. Cardamone, Dario & Sims, Eric & Wu, Jing Cynthia, 2023. "Wall Street QE vs. Main Street Lending," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    21. Philippe Goulet Coulombe, 2022. "A Neural Phillips Curve and a Deep Output Gap," Papers 2202.04146, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2024.
    22. Eric Schaling & Kgotso Morema, 2022. "Optimalinterestrategapsforflexibleinflationtargeting," Working Papers 11037, South African Reserve Bank.
    23. Ani Asoyan & Vahagn Davtyan & Haykaz Igityan & Hasmik Kartashyan & Hovhannes Manukyan, 2020. "Modelling the Effects of a Health Shock on the Armenian Economy," Working Papers 15, Central Bank of the Republic of Armenia, revised Dec 2020.
    24. Sims, Eric & Wu, Jing Cynthia, 2021. "Evaluating Central Banks’ tool kit: Past, present, and future," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 135-160.
    25. Cole, Stephen J. & Huh, Sungjun, 2024. "Measuring the effects of unconventional monetary policy tools under adaptive learning," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy

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