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Revisiting environmental Kuznets curve with HDI: new evidence from cross-country panel data

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  • Akseer Hussain
  • Subhasish Dey

Abstract

This study investigates the existence of Environmental Kuznets curve (so for EKC) for a panel of 30 countries (as three sub-groups viz. developed economies, emerging economies and developing economies) over the period of 27 years from 1990 to 2016. The EKC proposes an inverted U-shape relation between environmental degradation and economic development. Unlike other similar studies where economic development proxied through GDP growth, in this study Human Development Index (HDI) is taken as a measure of development. Thereby the EKC existence is found here as relationship between HDI and ${{\rm CO}_{2}}$CO2 emission (environmental degradation measured in terms of ${{\rm CO}_{2}}$CO2 emission). The econometric framework for this study consists of Pooled OLS model, fixed effect model and fixed effect with instrumental variable model. Results showed the strong evidence of EKC for this panel of countries and also for each individual group of the countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Akseer Hussain & Subhasish Dey, 2021. "Revisiting environmental Kuznets curve with HDI: new evidence from cross-country panel data," Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(3), pages 324-342, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:teepxx:v:10:y:2021:i:3:p:324-342
    DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2021.1880486
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    Cited by:

    1. Manuel Carlos Nogueira & Mara Madaleno, 2021. "Are International Indices Good Predictors of Economic Growth? Panel Data and Cluster Analysis for European Union Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-24, May.
    2. Nuno Carlos Leitão, 2024. "The Link between Human Development, Foreign Direct Investment, Renewable Energy, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in G7 Economies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Sadeq Damrah & Elma Satrovic & Mohamad Atyeh & Fekri Ali Shawtari, 2022. "Employing the Panel Quantile Regression Approach to Examine the Role of Natural Resources in Achieving Environmental Sustainability: Does Globalization Create Some Difference?," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(24), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Umer Jeelanie Banday & Mustafa Kocoglu, 2023. "Modelling Simultaneous Relationships Between Human Development, Energy, and Environment: Fresh Evidence from Panel Quantile Regression," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1559-1581, June.
    5. Elisabete Nogueira & Sofia Gomes & João M. Lopes, 2022. "The Key to Sustainable Economic Development: A Triple Bottom Line Approach," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, May.
    6. Wentao Gu & Hairui Pan & Zimin Hu & Zhongdi Liu, 2022. "The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Economic Policy Uncertainty: An Empirical Evidence from 22 Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-18, June.
    7. Davor Mance & Katarina Krunić & Diana Mance, 2021. "Protecting Species by Promoting Protected Areas and Human Development—A Panel Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, October.

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