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Pandemic outbreaks (COVID-19) and sectoral carbon emissions in the United States: A spillover effect evidence from Diebold and Yilmaz index

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  • Andrew Adewale Alola
  • Festus Victor Bekun

Abstract

This article extend the body of knowledge in the environmental sustainability literature by exploring the spillover effect across the United States’ carbon emissions from sectoral energy consumption: from the commercial sector (CEM), transport sector (TEM), industrial sector (IEM), residential sector (REM), electric power sector (EEM). From this perspective, this study accounted for world pandemic uncertainty index (WPU) in retrospect of global episodes (coronavirus pandemic), crude oil price (WTI), and disposable income per capita (DIC). To this end, the novel spillover methodology of Diebold and Yilmaz is employed in the context of the United State for the period January 1996-February 2020. Our Study shows that total spillover effect from the forecast error variance decomposition (FEVD) is 51.1%, while the rest 48.9% of the forecast variance is attributed to the idiosyncratic shocks. Furthermore, a significant contribution of 113.9% spillover effect from uncertainty due to pandemics to TME, IEM, REM, EEM, CEM, DIC, and WTI. Our study adds to the spillover index and computed the net spillover index between the outlined variables that shows the variance between the contribution of spillover to and from the spillover dynamics. Importantly, the study found that WTI, DIC, IEM, EEM, and CEM received a net spillover shock of 63.80%, 25.90%, 48.80%, 26.10%, and 53.3% from the total spillover index. However, WPU, TEM and REM are a net transmitter of spillover effect of 111.7%, 56.90%, and 48.50% respectively. These outcomes are instructive as decision-makers, stakeholders, and players in the energy sector and oil/energy market are required to pay more focus on sectors that are a net transmitter of spillover shocks such as the world pandemic uncertainty and as well those that are net receivers.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrew Adewale Alola & Festus Victor Bekun, 2021. "Pandemic outbreaks (COVID-19) and sectoral carbon emissions in the United States: A spillover effect evidence from Diebold and Yilmaz index," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(5), pages 945-955, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:engenv:v:32:y:2021:i:5:p:945-955
    DOI: 10.1177/0958305X20977275
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Shah, Muhammad Ibrahim & Foglia, Matteo & Shahzad, Umer & Fareed, Zeeshan, 2022. "Green innovation, resource price and carbon emissions during the COVID-19 times: New findings from wavelet local multiple correlation analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    3. Haiwen Zhao & Miao Yu & Juan Meng & Yonghong Jiang, 2024. "Examining the Spillover Effects of Renewable Energy Policies on China’s Traditional Energy Industries and Stock Markets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-18, May.
    4. contact_cb@yahoo.com. & Simona STAMULE & Iulian Cornel LOLEA, 2021. "The Spillover Effect on the CEE Equity Markets and the Financial Contagion in the Context of Financial Integration," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(4), pages 155-170, December.
    5. Mingjuan Ma & Shuifa Ke & Qiang Li & Yaqi Wu, 2023. "Towards Carbon Neutrality: A Comprehensive Analysis on Total Factor Carbon Productivity of the Yellow River Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-23, April.
    6. Chenjun Zhang & Hailiang Huang & Changfeng Shi & Jingru Xu & Yung-ho Chiu, 2024. "Spatial pattern and driving factors for interprovincial water use in China: Based on SNA and LMDI," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(4), pages 2198-2227, June.

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