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Investigating market power in the Belgian porkproduction chain

Author

Listed:
  • Dries Maes

    (Faculty of Business Economics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium and Departement of Economy, Science and Innovation, Flemish Government, Brussels, Belgium)

  • Mark Vancauteren

    (Faculty of Business Economics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium and Statistics Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands)

  • Steven Van Passel

    (Faculty of Business Economics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium and Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium)

Abstract

Belgian pork production has faced stagnating prices for decades. It remains unclearwhether excessive market power from slaughterhouses or meat retailers has played arole in this trend. While market power studies can reveal some of the market dynamicsin this setting, this type of research has not yet been applied to the Belgian pork market.The present paper investigates oligopolies and oligopsonies in the pork productionsector. We build a new model that focuses on market power dynamics in the market forlive pigs and distinguishes horizontal and vertical market power parameters, both forpig farmers and for slaughterhouses. The results follow from an empirical applicationusing unique slaughterhouse data for 2001–2015. The results indicate that the farmersbenefit from a significant power advantage in the live pig market, when very modestprice demands are taken as a reference. The final market price of live pigs approachesthe price requested by the farmers. On the other hand, the measured vertical marketpower also suggests that a pig farmer does not receive the (modest) full-wage-basedsalary. The market power of the slaughterhouses is also limited. Market power as aresult of collusion—that is, horizontal market power—is present, but is not strong.However, there are significant differences between the slaughterhouses in terms ofmark-up on the input prices. These differences reflect differences in company strategy,and this diversity further reduces the possibility to create sector-wide collusivebehaviour.

Suggested Citation

  • Dries Maes & Mark Vancauteren & Steven Van Passel, 2019. "Investigating market power in the Belgian porkproduction chain," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 100(1-4), pages 93-117.
    • Handle: RePEc:rae:jouraf:v:100:y:2019:i:1-4:p:93-117
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    File URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41130-019-00096-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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