IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prg/jnlpol/v2017y2017i4id1154p440-459.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Panelový regresní model: nástroj pro odhad obvyklé rentability tržeb pro účely převodních cen v kontextu malých a středních podniků
[Panel Regression Model: A Tool for the Estimation of the Arm´s Length SME Profitability]

Author

Listed:
  • Danuše Nerudová
  • Veronika Solilová
  • Hana Bohušová
  • Patrik Svoboda
  • Marek Litzman

Abstract

In this paper we focus on transfer pricing issues of SME with aim to propose a methodological tool in the form of panel-regression model estimating arm´s length EBIT margin of industry where SME is operating, which is based on the Action Plan of the European Commission to ensure fair and effective corporate taxation, fulfilling the premise of simplicity and non-increasing the administrative burden and compliance costs of taxation. As a result separate panel regression models were determined for each industry sectors and EU Member States based on the variables, such as operating revenues, payroll, added value and tangible fixed assets. Those regression factors are able to statistically significantly explain the variability in the generation of EBIT margin in case of SME in EU 28, which is often used for transfer pricing purposes. Panel regression models can be used as a simple methodological tool to estimate the arm´s length SME profitability in the industry sector and the state where is SME operating. Moreover, it is able to identify possible distortion of transfer prices if SME is not generating arm´s length EBIT margin based on the model.

Suggested Citation

  • Danuše Nerudová & Veronika Solilová & Hana Bohušová & Patrik Svoboda & Marek Litzman, 2017. "Panelový regresní model: nástroj pro odhad obvyklé rentability tržeb pro účely převodních cen v kontextu malých a středních podniků [Panel Regression Model: A Tool for the Estimation of the Arm´s L," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2017(4), pages 440-459.
    • Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2017:y:2017:i:4:id:1154:p:440-459
    DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1154
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://polek.vse.cz/doi/10.18267/j.polek.1154.html
    Download Restriction: free of charge
    File URL: http://polek.vse.cz/doi/10.18267/j.polek.1154.pdf
    Download Restriction: free of charge
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.18267/j.polek.1154?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Swenson, Deborah L., 2001. "Tax Reforms and Evidence of Transfer Pricing," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 54(1), pages 7-26, March.
    2. repec:idq:ictduk:11176 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. A. Roggeman & I. Verleyen & P. Van Cauwenberge & C. Coppens, 2012. "An Empirical Investigation into the Design of an EU Apportionment Formula Related to Profit Generating Factors," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 12/813, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    4. Tomáš Krabec, 2007. "Operabilita pojmu tržní hodnoty v intencích standardizace oceňování [To the Operability of Market Value in Terms of Standardization of Valuation]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2007(2), pages 263-274.
    5. Swenson, Deborah L., 2001. "Tax Reforms and Evidence of Transfer Pricing," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association, vol. 54(n. 1), pages 7-26, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Daniel Anarfi & Danuše Nerudová, 2018. "Profit Shifting and the Tax Response of Multinational Banks in Eastern Europe," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 66(3), pages 729-736.
    2. Bakke Julia Tropina, 2023. "Firm performance following foreign acquisitions in Norway: Evidence of profit shifting?*," Nordic Tax Journal, Sciendo, vol. 2023(1), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Arnt Ove Hopland & Petro Lisowsky & Mohammed Mardan & Dirk Schindler, 2014. "Income Shifting under Losses," CESifo Working Paper Series 5130, CESifo.
    4. Sebastian Krautheim & Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr, 2016. "Wages and International Tax Competition," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(5), pages 893-923, November.
    5. Jean Hindriks & Yukihiro Nishimura, 2021. "Taxing multinationals: The scope for enforcement cooperation," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 23(3), pages 487-509, June.
    6. Johannes Becker & Ronald B Davies, 2014. "A negotiation-based model of tax-induced transfer pricing," Working Papers 1409, Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation.
    7. James R. Hines Jr., 2005. "Do Tax Havens Flourish?," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 19, pages 65-100, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Theresa Lohse & Nadine Riedel, 2013. "Do transfer pricing laws limit international income shifting? Evidence from European multinationals," Working Papers 1307, Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation.
    9. Hiroshi Mukunoki & Hirofumi Okoshi, 2021. "Tariff elimination versus tax avoidance: free trade agreements and transfer pricing," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 28(5), pages 1188-1210, October.
    10. Barry, Frank, 2005. "FDI, transfer pricing and the measurement of R&D intensity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 673-681, June.
    11. V. Vicard, 2015. "Profit shifting through transfer pricing: evidence from French firm level trade data," Working papers 555, Banque de France.
    12. Veronika Solilová & Danuše Nerudová & Hana Bohušová & Patrik Svoboda, 2017. "Compliance Costs of Transfer Pricing in Case of SMEs: Czech Case," European Financial and Accounting Journal, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2017(1), pages 35-50.
    13. Hayato Kato & Hirofumi Okoshi, 2022. "Economic Integration And Agglomeration Of Multinational Production With Transfer Pricing," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 63(3), pages 1325-1355, August.
    14. Beladi, Hamid & Chakrabarti, Avik, 2008. "Foreign equity participation under incomplete information," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 67(1), pages 279-295, July.
    15. Bucovetsky, Sam & Haufler, Andreas, 2008. "Tax competition when firms choose their organizational form: Should tax loopholes for multinationals be closed," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 188-201, January.
    16. Mihir A. Desai & C. Fritz Foley & James R. Hines, 2004. "Economic Effects of Regional Tax Havens," NBER Working Papers 10806, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Thiess Büttner & Georg Wamser, 2007. "Intercompany Loans and Profit Shifting – Evidence from Company-Level Data," CESifo Working Paper Series 1959, CESifo.
    18. Anca D. Cristea & Daniel X. Nguyen, 2016. "Transfer Pricing by Multinational Firms: New Evidence from Foreign Firm Ownerships," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 8(3), pages 170-202, August.
    19. Dharmapala, Dhammika & Riedel, Nadine, 2013. "Earnings shocks and tax-motivated income-shifting: Evidence from European multinationals," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 95-107.
    20. Cárceles-Poveda, Eva, 2019. "Comment on “Heads I win, tails you lose: Asymmetric taxes, risk taking, and innovation” by James F. Albertus, Brent Glover and Oliver Levine," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 41-43.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    European union (EU); small and medium-sized entities (SME); transfer pricing rules; arm's length principle; regression model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • K33 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - International Law

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2017:y:2017:i:4:id:1154:p:440-459. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Stanislav Vojir (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/uevsecz.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.