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Wage Protection Systems, Segregation and Gender Pay Inequalities: West Germany, the Netherlands and Great Britain

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  • Black, B
  • Trainor, M
  • Spencer, J E

Abstract

This paper provides an empirical test of Rubery and Fagan's (1995) hypothesis that gender inequalities are influenced primarily by the comprehensiveness of the overall wage protection system in a country and by the extent of gender segregation. Gender discrimination in earnings is compared in West Germany, the Netherlands and Great Britain using 1989 ISSP data. Human capital earnings functions for married males and married females are estimated. Discrimination is measured using standard decomposition techniques. Earnings discrimination against females in the more comprehensive systems was 37% in West Germany and 39% in the Netherlands, much less than the 61% found for the less comprehensively regulated Great Britain, the latter figure being higher than previous estimates using earlier data. Gender segregation is demonstrated to have contributed to the relative magnitude of discrimination in Great Britain. Copyright 1999 by Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Black, B & Trainor, M & Spencer, J E, 1999. "Wage Protection Systems, Segregation and Gender Pay Inequalities: West Germany, the Netherlands and Great Britain," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 23(4), pages 449-464, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:cambje:v:23:y:1999:i:4:p:449-64
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    Cited by:

    1. Uwe Jirjahn & Jens Mohrenweiser, 2021. "Works councils and organizational gender policies in Germany," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 59(4), pages 1020-1048, December.
    2. Kaiser, Lutz C., 2014. "The Gender-Career Estimation Gap," IZA Discussion Papers 8185, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Uwe Jirjahn, 2011. "Gender, Worker Representation and the Profitability of Firms in Germany," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 8(2), pages 281-298, December.
    4. Muysken, Joan & Ruholl, Jennifer, 2001. "The impact of education and mismatch on wages: The Netherlands, 1986 - 1998," Research Memorandum 029, Maastricht University, Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    5. Uwe Jirjahn & Gesine Stephan, 2004. "Gender, piece rates and wages: evidence from matched employer--employee data," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 28(5), pages 683-704, September.
    6. Bernd Fitzenberger & Gaby Wunderlich, 2004. "The Changing Life Cycle Pattern In Female Employment: A Comparison Of Germany And The Uk," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 51(3), pages 302-328, August.
    7. Mick Brookes & Timothy Hinks & Duncan Watson, 2001. "Comparisons in Gender Wage Differentials and Discrimination between Germany and the United Kingdom," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 15(3), pages 393-414, September.
    8. BROOKES Mick, 2001. "Gender Earnings Mobility: A Comparison of Relative Mobility in Germany and the UK," IRISS Working Paper Series 2001-02, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.
    9. Peter Dawson & Timothy Hinks & Duncan Watson, 2001. "German Wage Underpayment: An Investigation into Labor Market Inefficiency and Discrimination," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 70(1), pages 107-114.
    10. Michal Myck & Gillian Paull, 2001. "The role of employment experience in explaining the gender wage gap," IFS Working Papers W01/18, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    11. Lutz Kaiser, 2014. "The Gender-Career Estimation Gap," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 0300349, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.

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