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Probing entanglement in a 2D hard-core Bose–Hubbard lattice

Author

Listed:
  • Amir H. Karamlou

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Google Quantum AI)

  • Ilan T. Rosen

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Sarah E. Muschinske

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Cora N. Barrett

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Wellesley College)

  • Agustin Di Paolo

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Leon Ding

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Patrick M. Harrington

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Max Hays

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Rabindra Das

    (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • David K. Kim

    (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • Bethany M. Niedzielski

    (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • Meghan Schuldt

    (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • Kyle Serniak

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • Mollie E. Schwartz

    (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • Jonilyn L. Yoder

    (MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

  • Simon Gustavsson

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Yariv Yanay

    (Laboratory for Physical Sciences)

  • Jeffrey A. Grover

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • William D. Oliver

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    MIT Lincoln Laboratory)

Abstract

Entanglement and its propagation are central to understanding many physical properties of quantum systems1–3. Notably, within closed quantum many-body systems, entanglement is believed to yield emergent thermodynamic behaviour4–7. However, a universal understanding remains challenging owing to the non-integrability and computational intractability of most large-scale quantum systems. Quantum hardware platforms provide a means to study the formation and scaling of entanglement in interacting many-body systems8–14. Here we use a controllable 4 × 4 array of superconducting qubits to emulate a 2D hard-core Bose–Hubbard (HCBH) lattice. We generate superposition states by simultaneously driving all lattice sites and extract correlation lengths and entanglement entropy across its many-body energy spectrum. We observe volume-law entanglement scaling for states at the centre of the spectrum and a crossover to the onset of area-law scaling near its edges.

Suggested Citation

  • Amir H. Karamlou & Ilan T. Rosen & Sarah E. Muschinske & Cora N. Barrett & Agustin Di Paolo & Leon Ding & Patrick M. Harrington & Max Hays & Rabindra Das & David K. Kim & Bethany M. Niedzielski & Megh, 2024. "Probing entanglement in a 2D hard-core Bose–Hubbard lattice," Nature, Nature, vol. 629(8012), pages 561-566, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:629:y:2024:i:8012:d:10.1038_s41586-024-07325-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07325-z
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