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Measurement and Decomposition of Consumption Inequality in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Idrees

    (Department of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.)

  • Eatzaz Ahmad

    (Department of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.)

Abstract

This paper shows that inequality in consumption expenditure in Pakistan improved slightly between 1992/93 and 2004/05, and that the extent of inequality in food consumption has remained substantially lower than in nonfood consumption. An important result is that household expenditure on education has been more unequally distributed than overall consumption expenditures. In contrast, healthcare expenditure in urban areas has been distributed relatively more evenly in recent years, while the level of inequality in healthcare expenditures in rural areas has remained persistent and somewhat higher.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Idrees & Eatzaz Ahmad, 2010. "Measurement and Decomposition of Consumption Inequality in Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 15(2), pages 97-112, Jul-Dec.
    • Handle: RePEc:lje:journl:v:15:y:2010:i:2:p:97-112
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Demoussis, Michael & Mihalopoulos, Vassilis, 2001. "Adult Equivalent Scales Revisited," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 33(1), pages 135-146, April.
    2. Richard H. Adams, JR., 1993. "Non-farm Income and Inequality in Rural Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 32(4), pages 1187-1198.
    3. Shorrocks, A F, 1982. "Inequality Decomposition by Factor Components," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(1), pages 193-211, January.
    4. Hans De Kruijk, 1986. "Inequality in the Four Provinces of Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 25(4), pages 685-706.
    5. Hans De Kruijk, 1987. "Sources of Income Inequality in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 26(4), pages 659-672.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Xia, Qingjie & Li, Shi & Song, Lina, 2017. "Urban Consumption Inequality in China, 1995–2013," IZA Discussion Papers 11150, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Qingjie Xia & Shi Li & Lina Song, 2017. "Urban Consumption Inequality in China, 1995–2013," Working Papers id:12239, eSocialSciences.
    3. Anam Javaid & Atif Akbar & Shahbaz Nawaz, 2018. "A Review on Human Development Index," Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 6(3), pages :357-369, September.
    4. Qingjie Xia & Shi Li & Lina Song, 2017. "Consumption Inequality in Urban China, 1995-2013," University of Western Ontario, Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP) Working Papers 201719, University of Western Ontario, Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP).
    5. Anam Javaid & Anam Javaid & Muhammad Waheed, 2019. "Statistical Analysis of Basic Necessities and Facilities Related to Human Development Index," Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 6(2), pages 39-44.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Consumption inequality; decomposition; Gini coefficient; Pakistan.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D6 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics
    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution

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