IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i10p6260-d820357.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of COVID-19 on Financial Performance and Profitability of Banking Sector in Special Reference to Private Commercial Banks: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Md. Abu Issa Gazi

    (School of Management, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China)

  • Md. Nahiduzzaman

    (Department of Finance and Banking, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh)

  • Iman Harymawan

    (Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia)

  • Abdullah Al Masud

    (Department of Management Studies, University of Barishal, Barishal 8254, Bangladesh)

  • Bablu Kumar Dhar

    (Department of International Trade and Economics, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China)

Abstract

The current crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the global economy hard, causing significant damage to every aspect of the global banking system, and Bangladesh is no exception. For that reason, its performance and profitability have been affected. In this study, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the financial performance and profitability of the listed private commercial banks in Bangladesh. We initially compute each bank’s financial performance index (FPI) to determine the position according to their financial performance individually before and the current period of COVID-19 by the standardized CAMELS rating system. After assessing the position, the fixed-effect regression model is used to explore the impact of the bank’s specific variables and macroeconomic variables along with the banks’ variables on the banks’ profitability. The banks that performed better during the pre-pandemic period of COVID-19 also performed better during the pandemic period of COVID-19. The performance of AIBL, EBL, and BBL was almost autonomously higher during both periods. In the case of bank profitability, our paper discovered that during the pandemic period of COVID-19, high non-performing loan rates, holding more liquid assets, a high amount of hedging capital, and inappropriate bank size lessened the banks’ profitability. In contrast, a low leverage position and inflation rate enhanced the bank’s profitability during this period. The outcome of this study will help bank authorities detect the loopholes and take preventive measures that can improve their profitability during a crisis period like COVID-19. The investors and depositors who invest money in banks can precisely decide their portfolios.

Suggested Citation

  • Md. Abu Issa Gazi & Md. Nahiduzzaman & Iman Harymawan & Abdullah Al Masud & Bablu Kumar Dhar, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 on Financial Performance and Profitability of Banking Sector in Special Reference to Private Commercial Banks: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-23, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:10:p:6260-:d:820357
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/10/6260/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/10/6260/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ari Aisen & Michael Franken, 2015. "Bank credit during the 2008 financial crisis: a cross-country comparison," Journal Economía Chilena (The Chilean Economy), Central Bank of Chile, vol. 18(1), pages 26-49, April.
    2. Elnahass, Marwa & Trinh, Vu Quang & Li, Teng, 2021. "Global banking stability in the shadow of Covid-19 outbreak," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    3. Berger, Allen N. & Bouwman, Christa H.S., 2013. "How does capital affect bank performance during financial crises?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(1), pages 146-176.
    4. Abdul Rashid & Sana Jabeen, 2016. "Analyzing performance determinants: Conventional versus Islamic Banks in Pakistan," Borsa Istanbul Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 16(2), pages 92-107, June.
    5. Anginer, Deniz & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Huizinga, Harry & Ma, Kebin, 2013. "How does corporate governance affect bank capitalization strategies ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6636, The World Bank.
    6. Lorna Katusiime, 2021. "COVID 19 and Bank Profitability in Low Income Countries: The Case of Uganda," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, December.
    7. James Ntiamoah Doku & Fred Agbenya Kpekpena & Prince Yeboah Boateng, 2019. "Capital Structure and Bank Performance: Empirical Evidence from Ghana," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 31(1), pages 15-27, March.
    8. Ismail Adelopo & Robert Lloydking & Venancio Tauringana, 2018. "Determinants of bank profitability before, during, and after the financial crisis," International Journal of Managerial Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 14(4), pages 378-398, March.
    9. Vijay Kumar & Sanjeev Acharya & Ly T. H. Ho, 2020. "Does Monetary Policy Influence the Profitability of Banks in New Zealand?," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-17, June.
    10. Emanuel Kohlscheen & Andrés Murcia Pabón & Juan Contreras, 2018. "Determinants of bank profitability in emerging markets," BIS Working Papers 686, Bank for International Settlements.
    11. Zhang, Jianhua & Jiang, Chunxia & Qu, Baozhi & Wang, Peng, 2013. "Market concentration, risk-taking, and bank performance: Evidence from emerging economies," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 149-157.
    12. Huayu Shen & Mengyao Fu & Hongyu Pan & Zhongfu Yu & Yongquan Chen, 2020. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Firm Performance," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(10), pages 2213-2230, August.
    13. Jian Xu & Muhammad Haris & Muhammad Irfan & A. Dionisio, 2022. "The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Bank Profitability during COVID-19: A Comparison with China and Pakistan," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2022, pages 1-10, February.
    14. Carlson, Mark & Shan, Hui & Warusawitharana, Missaka, 2013. "Capital ratios and bank lending: A matched bank approach," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 663-687.
    15. Hamzeh F. Assous & Dania Al-Najjar, 2021. "Consequences of COVID-19 on Banking Sector Index: Artificial Neural Network Model," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, December.
    16. Ashraf, Badar Nadeem, 2020. "Economic impact of government interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: International evidence from financial markets," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    17. Ahmad Aref Almazari, 2014. "Impact of Internal Factors on Bank Profitability: Comparative Study between Saudi Arabia and Jordan," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 4(1), pages 1-7.
    18. Padhan, Rakesh & Prabheesh, K.P., 2021. "The economics of COVID-19 pandemic: A survey," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 220-237.
    19. Grégory Claeys, 2020. "The European Central Bank in the COVID-19 crisis- whatever it takes, within its mandate," Policy Contributions 36749, Bruegel.
    20. Zbigniew Korzeb & Paweł Niedziółka, 2021. "Determinants of Differentiation of Cost of Risk (CoR) among Polish Banks during COVID-19 Pandemic," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-12, March.
    21. Sheridan, Richard B., 1960. "The British Credit Crisis of 1772 and The American Colonies," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(2), pages 161-186, June.
    22. shear, Falik & Ashraf, Badar Nadeem, 2022. "The performance of Islamic versus conventional stocks during the COVID-19 shock: Evidence from firm-level data," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    23. Md. Ruhul Amin, 2021. "Performance Analysis of Mobile Banking During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period Comparing with the Pre-pandemic Period of Covid-19: An Empirical Study on Bangladesh," GATR Journals afr198, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.
    24. Luc Laeven & Lev Ratnovski & Hui Tong, 2014. "Bank Size and Systemic Risk," IMF Staff Discussion Notes 14/4, International Monetary Fund.
    25. Farouq Altahtamouni & Ahoud Alfayhani & Amna Qazaq & Arwa Alkhalifah & Hajar Masfer & Ryoof Almutawa & Shikhah Alyousef, 2022. "Sustainable Growth Rate and ROE Analysis: An Applied Study on Saudi Banks Using the PRAT Model," Economies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-12, March.
    26. Nicholas Apergis, 2022. "Convergence in non-performing loans across EU banks: The role of COVID-19," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2024952-202, December.
    27. Hani El-Chaarani & Rebecca Abraham & Yahya Skaf, 2022. "The Impact of Corporate Governance on the Financial Performance of the Banking Sector in the MENA (Middle Eastern and North African) Region: An Immunity Test of Banks for COVID-19," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, February.
    28. Olaf Weber & Roland W. Scholz & Georg Michalik, 2010. "Incorporating sustainability criteria into credit risk management," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(1), pages 39-50, January.
    29. Pablo Gemar & German Gemar & Vanesa Guzman-Parra, 2019. "Modeling the Sustainability of Bank Profitability Using Partial Least Squares," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-13, September.
    30. Fadzlan Sufian & Muzafar Shah Habibullah, 2009. "Determinants of bank profitability in a developing economy: Empirical evidence from Bangladesh," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(3), pages 207-217, April.
    31. Dadoukis, Aristeidis & Fiaschetti, Maurizio & Fusi, Giulia, 2021. "IT adoption and bank performance during the Covid-19 pandemic," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    32. Moufty, Souad & Clark, Ephraim & Al-Najjar, Basil, 2021. "The different dimensions of sustainability and bank performance: Evidence from the EU and the USA," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    33. Bipasha Barua & Suborna Barua, 2021. "COVID-19 implications for banks: evidence from an emerging economy," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 1-28, January.
    34. Kar‐yiu Wong & Richard Y. K. Ho, 2002. "The Asian Crisis, 1997," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(1), pages 1-1, February.
    35. Duan, Yuejiao & El Ghoul, Sadok & Guedhami, Omrane & Li, Haoran & Li, Xinming, 2021. "Bank systemic risk around COVID-19: A cross-country analysis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    36. Ewa Miklaszewska & Krzysztof Kil & Marcin Idzik, 2021. "How the COVID-19 Pandemic Affects Bank Risks and Returns: Evidence from EU Members in Central, Eastern, and Northern Europe," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-22, October.
    37. Fakhri J. Hasanov & Nigar Bayramli & Nayef Al-Musehel, 2018. "Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Profitability: Evidence from an Oil-Dependent Economy," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-21, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Md. Alamgir Hossain & Ruhul Amin & Abdullah Al Masud & Md. Imran Hossain & Mohammad Awal Hossen & Mohammad Kamal Hossain, 2023. "What Drives People’s Behavioral Intention Toward Telemedicine? An Emerging Economy Perspective," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(3), pages 21582440231, July.
    2. Ali Abdulhassan, 2023. "Analysis of credit risk, liquidity and profitability of the Trade Bank of Iraq for the period (2012-2021)," Technium Business and Management, Technium Science, vol. 3(1), pages 79-103.
    3. Md. Abu Issa Gazi & Abdullah Al Masud & Farid Ahammad Sobhani & Bablu Kumar Dhar & Mohammad Sabbir Hossain & Abu Ishaque Hossain, 2023. "An Empirical Study on Emergency of Distant Tertiary Education in the Southern Region of Bangladesh during COVID-19: Policy Implication," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-22, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Pejman Peykani & Mostafa Sargolzaei & Mohammad Hashem Botshekan & Camelia Oprean-Stan & Amir Takaloo, 2023. "Optimization of Asset and Liability Management of Banks with Minimum Possible Changes," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-24, June.
    2. Shabir, Mohsin & Jiang, Ping & Wang, Wenhao & Işık, Özcan, 2023. "COVID-19 pandemic impact on banking sector: A cross-country analysis," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    3. Lorna Katusiime, 2021. "COVID 19 and Bank Profitability in Low Income Countries: The Case of Uganda," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Guo, Pin & Zhang, Cheng, 2023. "The impact of bank FinTech on liquidity creation: Evidence from China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    5. Omrane Guedhami & April Knill & William L. Megginson & Lemma W. Senbet, 2022. "The dark side of globalization: Evidence from the impact of COVID-19 on multinational companies," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(8), pages 1603-1640, October.
    6. Demir, Ender & Danisman, Gamze Ozturk, 2021. "Banking sector reactions to COVID-19: The role of bank-specific factors and government policy responses," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    7. Thiago Christiano Silva & Sergio Rubens Stancato de Souza & Solange Maria Guerra, 2022. "Covid-19 and market power in local credit markets: the role of digitalization," BIS Working Papers 1017, Bank for International Settlements.
    8. Evgenii Zimin & Maria Semenova, 2022. "Profitability And Bank De-Branching In The Digital Age: Evidence From Russian Regions," HSE Working papers WP BRP 90/FE/2022, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    9. Thakor, Anjan V., 2018. "Post-crisis regulatory reform in banking: Address insolvency risk, not illiquidity!," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 107-111.
    10. Golbabaei, Ali & Botshekan, Mahmoud, 2022. "The capital ratio and the interest rate spread: A panel threshold regression approach," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 289-302.
    11. Eriko Naiki & Yuta Ogane, 2020. "Bank soundness and bank lending to new firms during the global financial crisis," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(3), pages 513-541, July.
    12. Bunderson, Stuart & Thakor, Anjan V., 2022. "Higher purpose, banking and stability," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    13. Nguyen, Thach Vu Hong & Ahmed, Shamim & Chevapatrakul, Thanaset & Onali, Enrico, 2020. "Do stress tests affect bank liquidity creation?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    14. Salma Zaiane & Fatma Ben Moussa, 2021. "What Drives Banking Profitability During Financial Crisis and Political Turmoil? Evidence from the MENA Region," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 13(3), pages 380-407, September.
    15. Manh Hung Pham & Nhat Minh Nguyen, 2023. "Bank funding diversity, risk and profitability: Evidence from Vietnam in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2191305-219, December.
    16. Subhash Karmakar & Gautam Bandyopadhyay & Jayanta Nath Mukhopadhyay, 2024. "Systemic Risk in Indian Financial Institutions: A Probabilistic Approach," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 31(3), pages 579-656, September.
    17. García, Raffi E. & Steele, Suzanne, 2022. "Stress testing and bank business patterns: A regression discontinuity study," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    18. Fenghua Song & Anjan V. Thakor, 2023. "Market Freeze and Bank Capital Structure Heterogeneity," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(3), pages 1856-1876, March.
    19. Klein, Paul-Olivier & Turk-Ariss, Rima, 2022. "Bank capital and economic activity," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    20. Huang, Qiubin & de Haan, Jakob & Scholtens, Bert, 2020. "Does bank capitalization matter for bank stock returns?," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:10:p:6260-:d:820357. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.