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El capital humano en América Latina en el período 1965-90 y su contribución al desarrollo económico

Author

Listed:
  • Neira, Isabel
  • Expósito, Pilar
  • Aguayo, Eva

Abstract

La situacion economica de los paises de America Latina presenta importantes variaciones en los ultimos años, asi frente al desarrollo economico que ha tenido lugar en algunos paises como Mexico, en otros como Nicaragua, Venezuela o Peru este crecimiento ha sido muy pequeño, e incluso negativo para el caso de Nicaragua. La inestable situacion politica que han vivido estos paises a lo largo de todo el periodo, junto con los crecimientos poblaciones que se presentan en todos ellos, suponen dos de los condicionantes mas importantes a la hora de analizar cual ha sido la evolucion de estos paises en los ultimos treinta años. Aunque el crecimiento es en su conjunto positivo, existen importantes diferencias entre ellos, que como veremos mas adelante no han conseguido corregirse a lo largo del tiempo. Asi encontramos un importante conjunto de paises que permanecen estancados o incluso decrecen como es el caso de Nicaragua o Haiti, el primero de ellos presenta una caida para el conjunto del periodo del 20%, el cual junto con la Guayana con un caida total del 33% son los paises mas afectados por las crisis en sus economias. Destacan en sentido contrario otros paises como Mejico y Brasil , que suponen para el caso de Mexico disfrutar de un PIB per capita en el año 92 de mas de seis mil dolares, que se acercan de forma importante a los casi diez mil de los que se dispone en España. No se pude hablar sin embargo de estrechamiento de las distancias entre los paises americanos ya que si el coeficiente de variacion del PIB per capita se situaba en 0.62, tan solo ha bajado a 0.60 en 1992, por lo que se puede hablar de una perpetuacion de las distancias entre los paises. Respecto a la evolucion de dichas tasas, la tonica general es de periodos con elevado crecimiento que compensan las importantes caidas que se producen en el PIB en los periodos de recesion, encontrandose el valor maximo y minimo de dichas tasas entre extremos que pueden ser de (+) (-)8%, los ultimos años tampoco prese
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Neira, Isabel & Expósito, Pilar & Aguayo, Eva, 2003. "El capital humano en América Latina en el período 1965-90 y su contribución al desarrollo económico," Observatorio de la Economía Latinoamericana, Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales SL. Hasta 31/12/2022, issue 07, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:erv:observ:y:2003:07:nea1
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert J. Barro, 1991. "Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 106(2), pages 407-443.
    2. Romer, Paul M, 1990. "Endogenous Technological Change," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(5), pages 71-102, October.
    3. Guisan, M. Carmen, 1997. "Economic growth and education: a new international policy," Economic Development 18, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business. Econometrics..
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Blog mentions

    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. Artículos de acceso gratuito sobre desarrollo latinoamericano publicados en la revista EEDI de la Asociación Euro-Americana
      by Euro American Association EAAEDS in Asociación de Estudios Euro-Americanos: Desarrollo internacional de América, Europa y otras áreas on 2009-06-30 20:40:00
    2. 38. Economía y Difusión Social (EDS): Asepelt y América
      by MCG Blogs de Economía in Asociación de Estudios Euro-Americanos: Desarrollo internacional de América, Europa y otras áreas on 2019-11-06 18:13:00
    3. 43. Artículos en español, sobre América Latina y otras áreas, en la revista EEDI, 2001-2010, e informes posteriores
      by MCG Blogs de Economía in Asociación de Estudios Euro-Americanos: Desarrollo internacional de América, Europa y otras áreas on 2020-11-10 11:20:00

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    Cited by:

    1. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen, 2023. "World Development in the 20th century: Evolution and Econometric Model," ESTUDIOS ECONOMICOS EECHAPTER, in: M. Carmen Guisan Seijas (ed.), Education And International Development, 1960-2000: Economic Studies Of Oecd Countries, Latin America, Europe, Africa And Asia,, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 1, pages 5-32, Euro-American Association of Economic Development.
    2. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen & Aguayo, Eva, 2023. "Econometric models of Latin America. Studies of the period 1984- 2000," ESTUDIOS ECONOMICOS EECHAPTER, in: M. Carmen Guisan Seijas (ed.), Education And International Development, 1960-2000: Economic Studies Of Oecd Countries, Latin America, Europe, Africa And Asia,, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 4, pages 75-94, Euro-American Association of Economic Development.
    3. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen, 2023. "Development in the OECD, 1960-2000: Econometric Models and Indicators," ESTUDIOS ECONOMICOS EECHAPTER, in: M. Carmen Guisan Seijas (ed.), Education And International Development, 1960-2000: Economic Studies Of Oecd Countries, Latin America, Europe, Africa And Asia,, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 2, pages 33-62, Euro-American Association of Economic Development.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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