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Prices versus policy: An analysis of the drivers of the primary fossil fuel mix

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  • Atalla, Tarek
  • Blazquez, Jorge
  • Hunt, Lester C.
  • Manzano, Baltasar

Abstract

Energy policymakers often attempt to shape their countries' energy mix, rather than leave it purely to market forces. By calibrating and simulating a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model, this paper analyzes the primary fossil fuel mix in the USA and compares it to Germany and the UK, given the different evolution of the mixes and the different roles played by relative prices and policy in North America and Europe. It is found that the model explains well the evolution of the primary fossil fuel mix in the USA for the period 1980–2014, suggesting that relative fossil fuel prices generally dominated in determining the mix during this time. However, this is not the case for Germany and the UK. For both countries, the model performs well only for the period after the market-oriented reforms in the 1990s. Additionally, the volatility of private consumption and output for the pre- and post-reform periods is evaluated for Germany and the UK and it is found that the liberalized energy markets brought about a transition from coal to natural gas, but with increased macroeconomic volatility.

Suggested Citation

  • Atalla, Tarek & Blazquez, Jorge & Hunt, Lester C. & Manzano, Baltasar, 2017. "Prices versus policy: An analysis of the drivers of the primary fossil fuel mix," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 536-546.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:106:y:2017:i:c:p:536-546
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.03.060
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Energy transition; Fossil fuel mix; Relative prices; DSGE modeling; Prices vs policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C68 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computable General Equilibrium Models
    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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