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Verteilungseffekte von Kapazitätsmechanismen: auf den Typ kommt es an

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  • Claudia Kemfert
  • Thure Traber

Abstract

In order to compensate for fluctuations in electricity demand as well as electricity supply from renewables, power plants are required that are reliably available, even in critical situations. Besides an ongoing discussion whether the liberalized electricity market is capable of stimulating sufficient investment, there are frequent calls for supporting instruments. Depending on their type, these instruments, also known as capacity mechanisms, have different effects on electricity producers and consumers. Model calculations prepared by DIW Berlin demonstrate that the total burden for achieving a defined safety margin in 2020 in Germany is between 0.4 and 3.1 billion euros and that overall, it leads to considerable free-rider effects on the part of the established electricity producers. This burden is potentially offset by advantages from the reduction of the risk of blackouts, which are difficult to quantify. Für den Ausgleich von Schwankungen der Stromnachfrage und des Stromangebotes aus erneuerbaren Energien sind Kraftwerke nötig, die auch in kritischen Situationen sicher zur Verfügung stehen. Es wird diskutiert, ob der liberalisierte Strommarkt in der Lage ist, ausreichende Investitionen anzuregen. Vielfach werden unterstützende Instrumente gefordert. Diese auch als Kapazitätsmechanismen bezeichneten Instrumente haben je nach Typ unterschiedliche Wirkung auf Stromerzeuger und -verbraucher. Unsere Modellrechnungen zeigen, dass die Gesamtbelastungen zur Erreichung einer Reservemarge von fünf Prozent im Jahr 2020 in Deutschland zwischen 0,4 und 3,1 Milliarden Euro betragen und in Summe zu deutlichen Mitnahmeeffekten bei den etablierten Stromerzeugern führen. Dem gegenüber stehen die in dieser Untersuchung nicht quantifizierten Vorteile einer Reduktion des Risikos von Stromausfällen.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudia Kemfert & Thure Traber, 2013. "Verteilungseffekte von Kapazitätsmechanismen: auf den Typ kommt es an," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 80(48), pages 17-24.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:80-48-4
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    electricity market; capacity mechanism; investment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C63 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computational Techniques
    • D47 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Market Design
    • D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis

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