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Does the bullet train exacerbate urban shrinkage? Lessons from Japan

Author

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  • Lisha Wang
  • Jian Wang
  • Xuepeng Qian

Abstract

This paper evaluates the driving forces of urban shrinkage, focusing on transportation infrastructure using a conceptual framework. Employing a difference‐in‐difference approach, this study explores the impact of the high‐speed railway on local shrinkage by focusing on implementing the bullet train in the Kyushu Shinkansen region of Japan. Our results show that after the introduction of the bullet train line, remote peripheral regions suffered population loss while suburban areas near the metropolitan area experienced population growth. Further analysis verifies that the bullet train had a particularly significant negative impact on local employment and establishments in the service sector in remote regions. Este artículo usa un marco conceptual para evaluar las fuerzas motrices de la contracción urbana, centrándose en la infraestructura de transporte. Este estudio emplea un enfoque de diferencias en diferencias para explorar el impacto del ferrocarril de alta velocidad en la contracción local enfocándose en la implantación del tren bala en la región japonesa de Kyushu Shinkansen. Los resultados muestran que, tras la introducción de la línea del tren bala, las regiones periféricas remotas sufrieron una pérdida de población, mientras que las zonas suburbanas cercanas al área metropolitana experimentaron un crecimiento demográfico. Un análisis más profundo verifica que el tren bala tuvo un impacto negativo especialmente significativo en el empleo local y en los establecimientos del sector servicios de las regiones remotas. 本稿では、概念的フレームワークを用いて、交通インフラに着目しながら都市縮小の変化要因を評価する。差分の差分法を用いて、日本の九州新幹線の沿線地域における、新幹線の開通に焦点を当て、高速鉄道が地域の縮小に及ぼす影響を検討する。結果から、新幹線の開通後、地方の周辺地域では人口が減少し、首都圏に近い郊外地域では人口が増加した。さらなる分析から、新幹線は地方の地域の雇用とサービス産業の企業に特に大きな負の影響を及ぼしたことが確認される。

Suggested Citation

  • Lisha Wang & Jian Wang & Xuepeng Qian, 2023. "Does the bullet train exacerbate urban shrinkage? Lessons from Japan," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 102(1), pages 187-212, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:102:y:2023:i:1:p:187-212
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12717
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