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Ownership Patterns and Control in Turkish Listed Companies

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  • Istemi Demirag
  • Mehmet Serter

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to document the prevalent ownership concentration, structure and control in the top 100 companies listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange. The results are discussed in the context of emerging corporate governance trends in Turkey. Where appropriate, comparisons with other countries are provided. The results of the study indicate that ownership of Turkish companies is highly concentrated, families being the dominant shareholders. The separation of ownership and control among Turkish companies is mainly achieved through pyramidal ownership structures and the presence of big business groups. However, the cash flow and voting rights in Turkish companies are relatively more aligned compared to other family–ownership–dominated insider–system countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Istemi Demirag & Mehmet Serter, 2003. "Ownership Patterns and Control in Turkish Listed Companies," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(1), pages 40-51, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:corgov:v:11:y:2003:i:1:p:40-51
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-8683.00300
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    Cited by:

    1. Ilhan-Nas, Tulay & Okan, Tarhan & Tatoglu, Ekrem & Demirbag, Mehmet & Wood, Geoffrey & Glaister, Keith W., 2018. "Board composition, family ownership, institutional distance and the foreign equity ownership strategies of Turkish MNEs," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 53(6), pages 862-879.
    2. Demirag, Istemi, 2012. "Regulatory regime change in Turkish banks: Reactive or proactive?," Accounting forum, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 62-80.
    3. Bunkanwanicha, Pramuan & Gupta, Jyoti & Wiwattanakantang, Yupana, 2016. "Pyramidal group structure and bank risk in Thailand," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 272-288.
    4. Ilhan-Nas, Tulay & Okan, Tarhan & Tatoglu, Ekrem & Demirbag, Mehmet & Glaister, Keith W., 2018. "The effects of ownership concentration and institutional distance on the foreign entry ownership strategy of Turkish MNEs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 173-183.
    5. Heitor Almeida & Daniel Wolfenzon, 2005. "A Theory of Pyramidal Ownership and Family Business Groups," NBER Working Papers 11368, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. I Putu Sugiartha Sanjaya, 2011. "The Influence Of Ultimate Ownership On Earnings Management: Evidence From Indonesia," Global Journal of Business Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 5(5), pages 61-69.
    7. Bunkanwanicha, Pramuan & Wiwattanakantang, Yupana & ウィワッタナカンタン, ユパナ, 2008. "Allocating Risk Across Pyramidal Tiers: Evidence from Thai Business Groups," CEI Working Paper Series 2007-14, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    8. Sevin Gurarda & Emre Ozsoz & Abidin Ates, 2016. "Corporate Governance Rating and Ownership Structure in the Case of Turkey," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-16, April.
    9. Ciftci, Ilhan & Tatoglu, Ekrem & Wood, Geoffrey & Demirbag, Mehmet & Zaim, Selim, 2019. "Corporate governance and firm performance in emerging markets: Evidence from Turkey," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 90-103.
    10. Bykova, Anna & Molodchik, Mariia & Shamilova, Ekaterina, 2017. "Ownership concentration, corporate governance development and firm performance in Russian listed companies," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 45, pages 50-74.
    11. Aylin Ataay, 2016. "Roles of Interlocking Directorates in an Emerging Country: Control and Coordination in Family Business Groups," Eurasian Journal of Business and Management, Eurasian Publications, vol. 4(2), pages 106-116.

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