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The effect of poverty and income inequality on CO2 emission based on Environmental Kuznets Curve analysis: Empirical evidence from selected developing countries

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  • Yusuf Ekrem AKBAS

    (Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey)

  • Fuat LEBE

    (Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey)

Abstract

In this study, the relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, income inequality, and poverty within the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in 10 developing countries over the period 2000-2021 is investigated. Also, the turning points for GDP per capita are calculated. The Fourier methodology is used for analysis. The results show that income inequality, poverty, and energy consumption positively affect CO2 emission. Moreover, it is found out that the EKC hypothesis is invalid. It is determined that the turning points are outside of the sample period in five developing countries (Argentina, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Panama, and Uruguay).

Suggested Citation

  • Yusuf Ekrem AKBAS & Fuat LEBE, 2023. "The effect of poverty and income inequality on CO2 emission based on Environmental Kuznets Curve analysis: Empirical evidence from selected developing countries," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(2(635), S), pages 103-118, Summer.
    • Handle: RePEc:agr:journl:v:2(635):y:2023:i:2(635):p:103-118
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    References listed on IDEAS

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