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Die Digitale Evolution

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  • Wolfgang Schwarzbauer

Abstract

Die in der jüngsten Vergangenheit feststellbare zunehmende Digitalisierung von Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft erscheint auf ersten Blick als radikal umwälzende Entwicklung. Im Detail betrachtet zeigt sich, dass die aktuellen Tendenzen nur eine Fortsetzung der bestehenden Entwicklungen der vergangenen Jahrzehnte sind - insbesondere der Internationalisierung von Wertschöpfungsketten und den seit den 1990er Jahren bestehenden Automatisierungstendenzen. Die ökonomische Literatur zu den Effekten der Digitalisierung sowie die erfolgreiche Integration der österreichischen Volkswirtschaft in internationalen Wertschöpfungsketten legen nahe, dass die Ausgangsposition Österreichs gut ist, was unter anderem an der signifikanten Industriebasis und dem guten Zugang zu neuen Technologien liegt. Bemerkenswerterweise ergibt sich – unabhängig vom geographischen Entstehen eines globalen Digitalisierungspols - ein positiver Effekt auf die österreichischen Exporte. Zudem erscheinen die Effekte der Digitalisierung auf den österreichischen Arbeitsmarkt tendenziell auf eine niedrige Substituierbarkeit von Tätigkeiten hinzudeuten. Für eine erfolgreiche Bewältigung des digitalen Strukturwandels sind allerdings Anstrengungen auf individueller Ebene sowie Maßnahmen von Seiten der Politik nötig. Dies betrifft die Verfügbarkeit digitaler Netzinfrastruktur ebenso wie eine Umorientierung in Hinblick auf Bildung. Zudem sind weitere Maßnahmen zur strukturellen Entlastung des Faktors Arbeit und Attraktiveren von Unternehmensgründungen im Geiste des Start-up Pakets sowie eine Attraktivierung von innovativen Tätigkeiten in Unternehmen durch mittelfristig ausgerichtete steuerliche Anreize nötig.

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  • Wolfgang Schwarzbauer, 2017. "Die Digitale Evolution," FIW Policy Brief series 034, FIW.
  • Handle: RePEc:wsr:pbrief:y:2017:i:034
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Michael Böheim & Elisabeth Christen & Stefan Ederer & Matthias Firgo & Klaus S. Friesenbichler & Werner Hölzl & Mathias Kirchner & Angela Köppl & Agnes Kügler & Christine May, 2018. "Politischer Handlungsspielraum zur optimalen Nutzung der Vorteile der Digitalisierung für Wirtschaftswachstum, Beschäftigung und Wohlstand," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61256, April.
    2. Michael Peneder & Matthias Firgo & Gerhard Streicher, 2019. "Stand der Digitalisierung in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61654, April.
    3. Peter Haiss & Bernhard Mahlberg & Daniel Michlits, 2021. "Industry 4.0–the future of Austrian jobs," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 48(1), pages 5-36, February.
    4. Michael Böheim & Elisabeth Christen & Matthias Firgo & Klaus S. Friesenbichler & Philipp Piribauer, 2018. "Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Entwicklung von Wirtschaftsräumen," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(12), pages 881-890, December.

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