IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/soinre/v180y2025i2d10.1007_s11205-025-03705-8.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Does Financial Inclusion Enhance Energy Efficiency?? Moderating Roles of Education and Foreign Direct Investment

Author

Listed:
  • Guixian Tian

    (Ningbo University of Finance and Economics)

  • Muhammad Wasif Zafar

    (National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences)

  • Avik Sinha

    (Dr. D. Y. Patil B-School)

  • Mehmet Akif Destek

    (Gaziantep University
    Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC)
    Korea University
    Baku Eurasian University)

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the effect of financial inclusion on energy efficiency in Global South. In order to accomplish this, two distinct financial inclusion indicators (Number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults and Number of ATMs per 100,000 adults) are utilized, and the effects of various inclusion indicators on energy efficiency are compared. In addition, variables such as inflation, foreign direct investments, and education, which are assumed to affect energy efficiency, are included as independent variables in the empirical model to avoid omitted variable bias; thus, both the direct effects and moderating effects of these variables are examined. According to the findings of the study, which analyzed the period from 2004 to 2020 using panel data methods of the second generation, an increase in financial inclusion indicators, education, and foreign direct investments increases energy efficiency, while an increase in inflation decreases energy efficiency. In addition, we discovered that the expansion of bank branches reduces inflation’s detrimental effect on energy efficiency and augments the positive effect of greater knowledge on energy efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Guixian Tian & Muhammad Wasif Zafar & Avik Sinha & Mehmet Akif Destek, 2025. "Does Financial Inclusion Enhance Energy Efficiency?? Moderating Roles of Education and Foreign Direct Investment," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 180(2), pages 1041-1065, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:180:y:2025:i:2:d:10.1007_s11205-025-03705-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-025-03705-8
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11205-025-03705-8
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11205-025-03705-8?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:180:y:2025:i:2:d:10.1007_s11205-025-03705-8. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.